PURPOSE To identify Heptocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated antigens by proteomics, and validate whether autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) could be used for diagnosis and conditional monitoring. RESULTS The 78 kDa glucose regulated protein (GRP78) was selected as a candidate TAA. The titers of autoantibodies against 78 kDa glucose regulated protein (GRP78) from patients...

Accelerated senescence (ACS) leading to proliferative arrest is a physiological mechanism of the DNA damage response that occurs during tumor therapy. Our experiment was designed to detect unknown genes that may play important roles in cisplatin-induced senescence and to illustrate the related senescence mechanism. Using 2-dimension electrophoresis (2-DE), we identified 5 protein spots with dif...

endoplasmic reticulum has a critical role in the synthesis and folding of secretory and membrane proteins. high accumulation of proteins in er activates the unfolded protein response and glucose regulated protein 78 or gpr78 plays an essential role in this pathway.  unfolded protein response is activated in cancerous cells due to their adverse condition to survive and it has been shown that grp...

Background: Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO antibody) is a member of thyroid autoantibodies which are important in inducing and also diagnosing autoimmune thyroid diseases. Thyroid autoimmunity can cause several forms of thyroiditis and abnormal thyroid functions, ranging from hypothyroidism to hyperthyroidism. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between serum levels of anti-TPO ...

Recombinant plasminogen kringle 5 (rK5) has been shown to induce apoptosis of dermal microvessel endothelial cells (MvEC) in a manner that requires glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78). As we are interested in antiangiogenic therapy for glioblastoma tumors, and the effectiveness of antiangiogenic therapy can be enhanced when combined with radiation, we investigated the proapoptotic effects of r...

Viruses utilize cellular proteins to mediate their life cycle. However, the hepatitis B virus (HBV) cycle is still mysterious and remains be elucidated. Here, GRP78/BiP/HSPA5, a 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein, was identified as preS2 interacting protein. Pulldown assay showed interaction of protein (GRP78) with both domain-containing large S middle expressed in human hepatocellular cell line....

BACKGROUND Targeted therapies for cancer, especially the malignant cancer, are always restricted by the deficiency of tumor-specific drug delivery methods. Subtilase cytotoxic is a virulent cytotoxin, and the subunit A (SubA) of it is able to destroy the structure of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) to induce cell apoptosis, and to be expected as anti-cancer drugs, however, the ubiquitous r...

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a type of cancer with a very poor prognosis. Although α-fetoprotein (AFP) is the most effective marker available to detect HCC, the sensitivity and specificity are not optimal. Therefore, there is a need for the development of more sensitive and specific methods that can supplement AFP in the early detection of th...

Tumor suppressor PAR-4 acts in part by modulating sensitivity to apoptosis, but the basis for its activity is not fully understood. In this study, we describe a novel mechanism of antiapoptosis by NF-κB, revealing that it can block PAR-4-mediated apoptosis by downregulating trafficking of the PAR-4 receptor GRP78 from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface. Mechanistic investigations rev...