The most common type of childhood-onset epilepsy syndrome is childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) with well-defined electro clinical features but unknown pathological basis. The incidence of absence epilepsy is about 2 and 8 out of every 100 000 children up to the age of 16, and the prevalence is 2 and 10% of children with any form of epilepsy. Children with CAE suffer from high rate of pretreatmen...

This study aimed to examine the close correlation between complicated febrile convulsions (CFC) and medial temporal lobe epilepsy and to delineate characteristics of temporal lobe epilepsy with CFC. Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy were divided into those with a prior episode of CFC (n=52), those with febrile convulsions other than CFC, and those witout either (n=345). Clinical constellatio...

Mirror focus is one of the evidence of progression in epilepsy, and also has practical points for curative resective epilepsy surgery. The mirror foci are related to the kindling phenomena that occur through interhemispheric callosal or commissural connections. A mirror focus means the secondary epileptogenic foci develop in the contralateral hemispheric homotopic area. Thus mirror foci are mos...

Frontal lobe epilepsy makes up between 20 and 30% of all partial epilepsies and is the biggest subgroup of the extratemporal lobe epilepsies. Of the patients who undergo surgery for epilepsy up to 18% have a frontal lobe focus. The aetiology of frontal lobe epilepsy is varied, clinical semiology is diverse and seizures are often frequent, disabling and refractory to treatment. Imaging and EEG f...

Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy secrete ACTH at higher rates and in greater amounts than normal subjects. Temporal lobectomy restores ACTH secretion to normal amounts and rates. The ACTH secretion in temporal lobe epilepsy is independent of anticonvulsant drug effect and seizure frequency. Electrical stimulation of medial temporal lobe structures in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy aff...

This study aimed to examine the close correlation between complicated febrile convulsions (CFC) and medial temporal lobe epilepsy and to delineate characteristics of temporal lobe epilepsy with CFC. Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy were divided into those with a prior episode of CFC (n=52), those with febrile convulsions other than CFC, and those without either (n=345). Clinical constellati...

Documentation of familial epilepsy is of paramount importance for identification of epilepsy-associated genes, elucidation of pathomechanisms of epilepsy, and development of treatment of epilepsy. We report a Japanese family with 5 members with lateral temporal lobe epilepsy beginning around the second decade of life. All seizures were intractable to medical treatment, and four patients underwe...

Background: Absence epilepsy is a brief non-convulsive seizure that associated with sudden abrupt in consciousness. Because of the unpredictable occurrence of absence seizures and ethic limitation of human investigation on the pathogenesis and drug assessment led to the tendency to animal models. The aim of this paper is reviewing the advantages and disadvantages of several animal models of non...