BACKGROUND We have previously demonstrated that aged rats have persistent impairment of spatial memory after sedation with nitrous oxide or general anesthesia with isoflurane-nitrous oxide. Propofol has different receptor mechanisms of action and a favorable short-term recovery profile, and it has been proposed that propofol is devoid of enduring effects on cognitive performance. No studies hav...

BACKGROUND To reduce the ambient concentration of waste anesthetic agents, exhaust gas scavenging systems are standard in almost all operating rooms. The incidence of contamination and the factors that may increase the concentrations of ambient anesthetic gases have not been evaluated fully during routine circumstances, however. METHODS Concentrations of nitrous oxide (N2O) in ambient air wer...

Anesthesia usually involves a loss of memory and awareness, along with insensitivity to painful stimuli, during a surgical procedure. Many drugs aid anesthesiologists in the management and comfort of their patients during the perioperative period. These compounds vary in their chemical and physical characteristics and in their usual routes of administration. There are inhalational agents, inclu...

Basic Principles of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Magnetic Field Problems Implanted Objects Propelled Objects Noise Radio Frequency Heating Occupational Exposure Monitor Interference Monitors and Equipment Electrocardiography Pulse Oximetry and Peripheral Perfusion Blood Pressure Anesthesia Machines Respiratory Gas Analysis Intravenous Infusion Pumps Specialized Equipment Patient Problems Patient ...

Poliomyelitis was pandemic in the United States and much of the world in the first half of the 20th century. The uses of polio vaccines have essentially eradicated the disease in the United States today. But poliovirus infection survivors who had experienced a paralytic attack can see a return of some symptoms, which is a syndrome called postpolio syndrome (PPS). The anesthetist must preoperati...

The term ‘‘anesthesia’’ was originally used by the ancient Greek surgeon Dioscorides and resurrected by Dr Oliver Wendell Holmes to describe the insensible state produced by inhalation of ether. The goals of general anesthesia include amnesia, unconsciousness (also termed hypnosis), and immobilization. By definition, general anesthetics reversibly produce all 3 of these therapeutic effects. Gen...

results trail making test part b cognitive test showed statistically significant in comparison for pre and post exposure of anesthetics. this difference was seen in the desflurane group. other cognitive tests did not show differences on exposure to the anesthetic gases. conclusions this study questioned the difference between volatile anesthetic agent’s effects on patients completing a battery ...

Figure 1 Atmospheric layers environment. We learned that scientists now estimate 3-5% of the ozone layer, which protects us from exposure to ultraviolet rays, has been destroyed by chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), increasing our risk of cataracts and skin cancer.' (See Figure 1.) But what about the volatile anesthetic agents, hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), which closely resemble the CFCs? Are the...

Hydrogen gas (molecular hydrogen, H2) has significant effects in a range of organisms, from plants to humans. Many inert gases have been reported similar effects, and such responses may be most pronounced when cells are stressed. Xenon (Xe), for example, is well-known anesthetic. The direct targets these gases, cases, remain elusive. Myoglobin hemoglobin known their roles the transport through ...