Chromium is a frequently encountered material in modern nanofabrication, directly as functional (e.g., photomask generation) or indirectly hard mask to etch quartz). With the continuous downscaling of devices, control feature size patterned Cr and CrOx becomes increasingly important. etching typically performed using chlorine–oxygen-based plasma chemistries, but nanoscale imposes limitations. I...

This work deals with solid–vapor equilibria and solid–liquid–vapor of carbon dioxide in mixtures interest for natural gas purification biogas upgrading. Experimental data available the literature are reviewed an algorithm solving isobaric–isothermal flash coupled to a phase stability analysis is presented, which does not require a-priori knowledge number type phases existing at equilibrium. The...

Quality-delay trade-offs can be made in transmitting subband-coded images in the Internet by using either the TCP or the UDP protocol. Delivery by TCP gives superior decoding quality but with very long delays when the network is unreliable, whereas delivery by UDP has negligible delays but with degraded quality when packets are lost. Although images are delivered primarily by TCP today, we stud...