within the components of communicative competence, a special emphasis is put on the “rules of politeness,” specifically the politeness strategies (brown and levinson, 1978) that speakers deploy when performing the request speech act. this is because the degree of imposition that making a request places upon one’s interlocutor(s) has been seen to be influenced by several factors among which, as ...

Background and purpose: The professional burnout is one of the main factors in efficiency decline, loss ‎of human power and psycho-physical problems. In regard to the importance of emergency medical workers’ role in ‎health system, the aim of this study was to compare the professional burnout of emergency medical workers of ‎Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences and its related factors.‎ M...

the history of plant’s used for mankind is as old as the start of humankind. initially, people used plants for their nutritional proposes but after the discovery of medicinal properties, this natural ?ora became a useful source of disease cure and health improvement across various human communities. berberis vulgaris is one of the medicinal plants used in iranian traditional medicine. berberis ...

just as motivation is important in sla research, demotivation constitutes an important factor, too. there are many studies done on demotivation and burnout of teachers. many of these studies have been conducted on one or two aspects of english instruction. consequently, there are few studies which have been done on more than two aspects of english teaching. the aim of this study is to find out ...

the frame semantic theory is a nascent approach in the area of translation studies which goes beyond the linguistic barriers and helps us to incorporate cognitive and cultural factors to the study of translation. based on rojos analytical model (2002b), which centered in the frames or knowledge structures activated in the text, the present research explores the various translation problems that...

Introduction: Since the psychological factors are very effective in incidence and severity of chronic disease such as Multiple sclerosis, this study intended to compare stress, coping strategies, type C and type D personality in MS patients and normal individuals Methods: The research method was post facto or cause and effect. The population included all normal and MS patients who referred to ...