In this note, we introduce and study a concept of fuzzy equalization. Fuzzy equalization concerns a process of building information granules that are semantically and experimentally meaningful. The experimental relevance of a given information granule (fuzzy set) is directly linked with an encapsulation of a certain experimental evidence conveyed by the respective probability density function o...

Histogram equalization is often used in image enhancement, but it can be also used in auto exposure. However, conventional histogram equalization does not work well when many pixels are concentrated in a narrow luminance range. This paper proposes an auto exposure method based on 2-way histogram equalization. Two cumulative distribution functions are used, where one is from dark to bright and t...

In this paper, the potential of orthogonal frequencydivision multiplexing-code-division multiplexing (OFDM-CDM) combined with the pre-equalization is investigated. The codedivision multiplexing (CDM) component within an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) system enables additional diversity in frequencyand time-selective mobile radio channels. While, by applying pre-equalization a...

This study attempts to provide an alternative methodology to calculate the horizontal equalization transfers. This methodology follows the Australian horizontal equalization principle using a panel model methodology where both revenue and expenditure side considerations are involved. First, it applies the Canadian model in calculating the fiscal capacity equalization. Then the expenditure side ...

Blind equalization techniques have been developed over the past three decades that estimate and equalize communication channels without requiring training sequences and without channel knowledge. This article presents a new blind equalization algorithm with particular relevance to large-order, square or rectangular constellations. Comparisons with standard blind equalization methods are also pr...

A systematic approach to the analysis and design of a bi-directional Cûk converter for the cell voltage balancing control of a series-connected lithium-ion battery string is presented in this paper. The proposed individual cell equalizers (ICE) are designed to operate at discontinuous-capacitor-voltage mode (DCVM) to achieve the zero-voltage switching (ZVS) for reducing the switching loss of th...

We consider blind equalization for block transmissions over the frequency selective Rayleigh fading channel. In the absence of pilot symbols, the receiver must be able to perform joint equalization and blind channel identification. Relying on a mixed discretecontinuous state-space representation of the communication system, we introduce a blind Bayesian equalization algorithm based on a Gaussia...

Single-carrier transmission is one of the most potential options for uplink transmission in wide-area deployments. It combines the benefits of computationally simple transmitter processing and highly efficient power amplification at the terminal. Frequency-domain methods for efficient equalization can be utilized at the access point either in linear MMSE equalization or in iterative turbo equal...

Abstract In OFDM-CDMA down link, frequency equalization is necessary at the receiver to restore orthgonality among different users. But the noise enhancement due to orthgonality restoration degrades transmission performance. In this paper, pilot-aided frequency equalization with threshold detection (TD) is presented that can effectively suppress the noise enhancement. There is an optimal thresh...