Consider the scenario, in which human civilization undergoes periodic eras of progression and regression, and consequently, changes in cosmological knowledge are cyclic. There exist solutions of general theory of relativity, such as the Gödel universe, in which the cosmos is rotating. If the real universe is indeed rotating, than this would be a reversion to rotating universe models, used in an...

some believe that ancient mythological and literary texts solely aimed to amuse and entertain, and were sprouted from their feelings and thoughts, and do not regard the study of the ancient and mythological stories as having the definiteness and clarity which science is known for it. hence, this is why mythological stories in reality convey the beliefs, nature, attitudes and the extent of human...

One of events in the history medicine is how to leave ancient medical knowledge Middle Ages. Razes has done this work al- Havi, and background stage departure from teachings was Ibn Sina’s jumping platform compiling Qanun, first pure classical Islamic civilization.

Jade culture in ancient China is a significant branch of traditional Chinese culture. With a long history and abundant contents, the profound jade culture occupies an important position in world civilization history. The essay illustrates Chinese jade culture as an independent and complete system through the textual research and analysis of cultural relics and historical data. Under the constan...

We may think of implants as being an invention of modern times. But history shows evidences of ancient civilization trying to replace missing teeth by banding artificial tooth replacements to remaining teeth or by using gold ligature wires to stabilize periodontally weak teeth. The first clear evidence of tooth replacement is from the early Egyptians in 2500 BC where attempts were made to stabi...

China is one of ancient countries with nearly 5,000 yr history of civilization, with land area of 9,600,000 km², including 4 municipalities, 23 provinces, 5 autonomous regions and 2 special administrative regions. There are 56 nations and 1.37 billion peoples (2010, November). In 2010, GDP was 40120.2 billion Yuan, and per capita GDP was 3,600 dollars. Employment population nearly reached 780 m...

The victors of the Olympic Games in ancient Greece were awarded crowns made of olive branches. In Antiquity, the symbolism of plants was related to myths, properties, aesthetic values, and civilization. Theophrastus first classifies and identifies plants, and gathers information about them, in his classic books (4th century BC). Symbolic plants are native to the Mediterranean region and they ex...

Neurosurgical interventions date back to ancient civilization, 5100 BC through a practice known as trephination. Due to past abuse and ethical considerations, neurosurgical interventions in psychiatry remain a controversial issue. This article aims to review the different surgical techniques and their current application in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. The U.S Food and Drug Administr...

The Holy Bible, as the root of Western civilization, has imposed great influence in the fields far beyond religion. In this thesis, the author intended to reveal the medical implication in the Holy Bible and its relevance to the modern medical science by exploring the biblical medical information and comparing it with the current medical theory and practice. The conclusion of the exploration is...

An estimate of the number of advanced technical civilizations on planets of other stars depends on our knowledge of the rate of star formation; the frequency of favorably situated planets; the probabilities of the origins of life, of intelligence and of technical civilization ; and the iifetimes of technicai civilizations. These parameters are poorly known. The estimates of the present paper le...