INTRODUCTION The relationship among the orofacial system and the rest of the body ,both in functional and anatomical terms was the subject of numerous scientific studies. The optimum position of the bone structures of orofacial system provides performance of intact vital functions, such as breathing or swallowing. Hyoid bone represents a link between the head and neck. Although located in the n...

AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate sexual dimorphism in nasal proportions of Class I and Class II skeletal malocclusions in adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS The sample comprised 120 patients (females 18 years and above and males 21 years and above), with no history of previous orthodontic treatment or functional jaw orthopedic treatment. They were divided into different groups based on poi...

OBJECTIVES We aimed to compare the standard methods of cephalometry and two-dimensional photogrammetry, to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of both methods. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-six patients (mean age 25.5, standard deviation (SD) 5.2 years) with Class II relationship and 23 patients with Class III relationship (mean age 26.4, SD 4.7 years) who had undergone bilateral sagittal spl...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the anteroposterior short-term skeletal and dental effects on Class II malocclusion in growing patients following treatment with functional appliances (activators or twin block), extraoral traction, or combination appliances (appliances with both functional and extraoral traction components), based on published data. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was carried ...

The aim of this retrospective study was to examine hyoid bone position and C1 (atlas) morphology in males and females and analyze these parameters with respect to different sagittal skeletal patterns via cephalometry, with the goal of identifying cephalometric norms. Lateral cephalometric radiographs from 120 individuals (average age: 21.1 ± 2.9 years) were classified according to their ANB ang...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate, in the initial and final stages of corrective orthodontic treatment, the predictability of the ANB, 1-NB, PNB and 1-NA during case individualization, which considers the characteristics of the patient, professional experience and the mechanics to be used. METHODS Ninety patients were selected at the State University of Londrina (UEL, Brazil), presenting Angle Class I an...

BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine end-of-treatment outcomes of severe Class II Division I malocclusion patients treated with surgical or non-surgical approaches. This study tests the hypotheses that occlusal outcomes (ABO-OGS) and cephalometric outcomes differ between these groups. METHODS A total of 60 patients were included: 20 of which underwent surgical correction and 40 of which did...

Diagnosis A 12-year-old male in the late mixed dentition was referred by his dentist for orthodontic treatment. Initial examination revealed a skeletal and dental Class II malocclusion with a retrognathic mandible, a severe overbite, moderate overjet, and mild malalignment of both arches, including rotations and generalized spaces in the mandibular arch (Fig. 1). The facial type was hypodiverge...

Skeletal relationships in the sagittal plane do not always correspond with dental relationships. The aim of this study was to determine in which type of malocclusion the correlation between overjet and skeletal sagittal parameters assessed by lateral cephalogram analysis is the highest. The extent to which overjet can predict skeletal relationships in the sagittal plane was also assessed. Eight...

Abstract Introduction Extraoral strength is the most common strategy to correct Angle Class II malocclusion, restricting and redirecting maxillary growth. Objective To evaluate skeletal changes resulting from use of headgear, with cervical parietal anchorages, associated a full fixed orthodontic appliance, in growing patients malocclusion (Angle) treated clinic an training center. Material meth...