Objective: To compare anatomy of sacral hiatus between the genders case and control groups. determine significance hiatal variations cases controls. Study Design: Case-control study. Setting: PNS Shifa Hospital Karachi. Period: January 2020 to June 2020. Material & Methods: Total 178 participants aged 18-65 years were enrolled in Approval was taken from Ethical Review Committee Bahria Unive...

Registration between 3-D images of human anatomies enables cross-subject diagnosis. However, innate differences in the appearance and location of anatomical structures between individuals make accurate registration difficult. We characterize such anatomical variations to achieve accurate registration. We represent anatomical variations in the form of statistical models, and embed these statisti...

The aim of this study was to (a) detect the prevalence of anatomical variations of nose and paranasal sinuses in Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) on ‘Nasal Endoscopy’,and‘Computed Tomography’, (b) correlate between the two investigation modalities and (c) study association of anatomical variations of nose and paranasal sinuses in Chronic Rhinosinusitis. This Cross sectional study was carried out at...

Introduction: Maxillary sinuses are among the largest paranasal sinuses with various shapes and volumes. The dimensions and volumes of maxillary sinuses play an important role in the surgical treatment plan. The higher levels of pneumatization of alveolar bone lead to the increase of odontogenic sinusitis which cause problems in dental implantation. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate...

The digastric muscle is formed by two muscle bellies: one anterior and one posterior, joined by an intermediate tendon. It is localized in the anterior cervical region. The anterior belly divides the region between the hyoid bone and the mandible into two: laterally the submandibular triangle, and medially the submental triangle. The anatomical variations described in the literature relate to t...

Anatomical variations of foramens of the skull have been of interest for neuroanatomists due to clinical consequences that these structures can cause, especially in the areas as neurosurgery and dentistry. These anatomical variations tend to be neglected by clinicians and most are mentioned or described as "rare" or "occasional" in human anatomy books. However, the knowledge of three-dimensiona...

background: in general, measurements of solar ultraviolet (uv) radiation are related to horizontal surfaces. while the hu­mans walking and standing outdoors expose to the natural solar uv radiation, their eyes, cheeks, extremities, trunks, or many other anatomical sites are close to vertical plane and random orient to different directions. in this study, we character­ized the diurnal variations...

In this report we describe an unusual combination of anatomical variations in the left upper extremity. A rare case of a variant palmaris longus muscle, an unknown variation of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle and a persistent median artery were discovered during routine anatomical dissection. The anatomical aspects of these variations have been discussed in detail. We also review the clinical l...

an accurate diagnosis of the morphology of the root canal system is a pre-requisite for successful root canal treatment. frequently, root canals are left untreated because the clinicians fail to identify their presence, particularly in teeth that have anatomical variations or additional root canals. in this report a maxillary lateral incisor with two roots has been described.