This review is a short introduction to phylogenetic analysis. Phylogenetic analysis allows comprehensive understanding of the origin and evolution of species. Generally, it is possible to construct the phylogenetic trees according to different features and characters (e.g. morphological and anatomical characters, RAPD patterns, FISH patterns, sequences of DNA/RNA, and amino acid sequences). The...

Is it fair to say that Micromalthus is an ancient, primitive beetle? Many of Micromalthus’ anatomical characters are indeed primitive, in the sense of resembling the most recent ancestor it shares with other beetles, but of course its life cycle is anything but. No one thinks the ancestral beetle — or the ancestors of any other living beetles — had Micromalthus’ bizarre genetic and developmenta...

The plant Coldenia procumbens Linn. is used commonly in Indian system of medicine for various ailments. The present paper deals with detailed pharmacognosy of the leaf of coldenia procumbens Linn. and includes its Macro/Micro morphological (vein islet, vein termination numbers and stomatal index) anatomical characters, Physico chemical standards such as ash values, extractive values, crude fibr...

Species-level taxonomy of Bryopsidalean genera is often based on quantifiable morphological characters. Yet there are relatively few examples of statistically founded morphometric studies within this group of siphonous algae and macroalgae in general. Molecular phylogenetic studies have revealed cases of cryptic diversity in several Bryopsidalean genera and call for new approaches toward taxono...

Oenanthe millefolia (Apiaceae), which is presented as a new recorded species for the Turkish flora, was discovered for the first time in Kırklareli province of Turkey. It is also reported as a new species for the Greek flora based on an unidentified specimen which was collected from the Thrace region of Greece. In this study, an expanded morphological description, the geographical distribution,...