the second international proctology congress was held on october 17 to 18 at razavi hospital. some surgeons of the italian society of colo-rectal surgery (societa italiana di chirurgia colo-rettale, siccr) attended the congress.

Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus. The disease is characterized by transmural inflammation that can be complicated by the development of fibrotic strictures, perforation, abscess formation, and fistulization. Perianal fistulas may arise from inflamed or infected anal glands (fistula-in-ano) and/or...

BACKGROUND Anal sphincter defects have been shown to increase pressure asymmetry within the anal canal in patients with fecal incontinence. However, this correlation is far from perfect, and other factors may play a role. The goal of this study was to assess the impact of rectal prolapse on anal pressure asymmetry in patients with anal incontinence. METHODS 44 patients, (42 women, mean age: 6...

AIM To evaluate the use of anorectal manometry to select patients for controlled anal dilatation. METHODOLOGY A prospective study was performed using anorectal manometry on all patients with chronic anal fissure who did not have a good response to conservative treatment. Those with increased anal resting pressure were treated with controlled anal dilatation using a two valved anuscope. A seco...

Previous research suggests that body odorants, including anal scents and urinary odors, contribute to sex discrimination and mate identification in European ferrets of both sexes. We assessed the possible role of the vomeronasal organ (VNO) in these functions by surgically removing the organ bilaterally in sexually experienced female ferrets. Lesioned (VNOx) and sham-operated control (VNOi) fem...

A 59-year-old woman presented with a pink watery anal discharge. She had undergone a diverting end-ileostomy for ulcerative colitis 20 years previously. It is not clear why a colectomy was not done; possibly she had been too ill for extensive surgery, and thereafter was content with the outcome. She also had progressive pyoderma gangrenosum around the skin of the stoma. The ileostomy was functi...

The hair follicle mites (Acari, Demodecidae) are obligatory and specific parasites of mammals, important in human and veterinary medicine. The family is represented by more than 100 species worldwide and 30 in Poland, therein 11 species (and 3 subspecies) were discovered from 10 species of native rodents. Fifty two striped field mice Apodemus agrarius from eastern Pomerania (Poland) were examin...

...................................................................................................................9 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................11 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE .............................................................................13 1. History of anal incontinence ............................