An advanced guidance law is developed for reentry phase of a reentry vehicle. It can achieve small miss distance and desired impact attitude angle, simultanceously. To meet this requirment a guidance law based on the fuzzy logic approach is developed. It is partitioned into three stages. This guidance law does not require linearization of missile engagement model. Line-of-sight and flight path ...

We show that strictly abnormal geodesics arise in graded nilpotent Lie groups. We construct such a group, for which some Carnot geodesics are strictly abnormal and, in fact, not normal in any subgroup. In the 2-step case we also prove that these geodesics are always smooth. Our main technique is based on the equations for the normal and abnormal curves, that we derive (for any Lie group) explic...

We present the results of a broad band (3-200 keV) spectral analysis of BeppoSAX and XMM-Newton observations of the Vela plerion. The hard X-ray (>15 keV) emission is found to be extended over a region of 12 ′ − 15 ′ radius, corresponding to a size of about 1.0–1.3 pc for a source distance of 290 pc. A single power law does not give an acceptable fit while a broken power law or a log-parabolic ...

Entanglement entropy is typically proportional to area, but sometimes it acquires an additional logarithmic pre-factor. We offer some intuitive explanations for these facts.

abstract  background: at present, differentiation between exudative and transudative pleural  effusion is based solely on laboratory measures and is time-consuming. asimple  bedside method would be of great help to differentiate between these two types of effusions.  we present a new method for this purpose assessed in 46 patients.  methods: standard laboratory tests and our method were tested ...