An all-optical photonic microwave phase shifter that can realize a continuous 360° phase shift over a wide frequency range is presented. It is based on the new concept of controlling the amplitude and phase of the two RF modulation sidebands via a Fourier-domain optical processor. The operating frequency range of the phase shifter is largely increased compared to the previously reported Fourier...

Recent studies have shown that the corticofugal system systematically modulates and improves subcortical signal processing in the frequency, time and spatial domains. The present study examined corticofugal modulation of amplitude sensitivity of 113 corticofugally inhibited neurons in the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (IC) of the big brown bat, Eptesicus fuscus. Cortical electrical...

Circadian rhythms help organisms adapt to predictable daily changes in their environment. Light resets the phase of the underlying oscillator to maintain the organism in sync with its surroundings. Light also affects the amplitude of overt rhythms. At a critical phase during the night, when phase shifts are maximal, light can reduce rhythm amplitude to nearly zero, whereas in the subjective day...

Coherent ω photoproduction from nuclei and ω properties in nuclear matter. Abstract. The coherent ω-meson photoproduction from nuclei is proposed as a phenomenological method to evaluate the momentum dependence of ω-meson mass shift and width in nuclear matter. We analyze available data on un-separated coherent and incoherent ω-meson photoproduction from nuclei and extract the imaginary part of...

We present a new chiral expansion scheme for the nucleon-nucleon scattering amplitude which preserves unitarity exactly. Our effective field theory builds on the power counting rules for 2-nucleon reducible diagrams proposed in [1]. We evaluate the leading order terms of the isospin one scattering amplitude and elaborate in detail on the S0 phase shift. Our chiral description of the S0phase shi...

We examine the effect of an embedding medium refractive index on the plasmon resonant properties of silica core-gold shell nanoshells. The plasmon response is shifted to longer wavelengths with increasing refractive index of the dielectric host matrix, increasing in overall amplitude for nanoparticles in the dipole limit. For nanoshells of constant core-shell ratio, this plasmon shift increases...

All optical signal level swapping and multilevel amplitude noise mitigation are experimentally demonstrated using the three gain regions of optical parametric amplification, i.e., linear, saturation, and inversion. The two-amplitude-shift-keying and eight-quadrature-amplitude-modulation optical communication systems with baud rates of both 10 and 20 Gbaud have been employed to demonstrate the p...

The effects of the nitric oxide donor, S-nitrosoacetylpenicillamine (SNAP), were tested on cultured dissociated guinea pig celiac ganglion neurons using whole cell patch-clamp recordings. S-nitrosoacetylpenicillamine induced a concentration- and voltage-dependent inwardly directed shift in holding current (inward current shift) in 89% of neurons. The inward current shift was prevented by pre-tr...

Although the relationship between abnormalities in the ECG and lung volumes has been well described in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease, little is known about this relationship in normal subjects. We investigated this relationship in normal, supine subjects at lung volumes ranging from residual lung volume to total lung capacity. We found that there was a significant right shift i...

This study compared the filtering effects on the auditory evoked potential of zero and standard phase shift digital filters (the former was a mathematical approximation of a standard Butterworth filter). Conventional filters were found to decrease the height of the evoked response in the majority of waveforms compared to zero phase shift filters. A 36-dB/octave zero phase shift high pass filter...