Carbapenem resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae is a major clinical challenge. Aminoglycosides remain an important asset the current therapeutic arsenal to treat these infections. We examined aminoglycoside phenotypes and genomics collection of 100 invasive KPC-producing K. isolates sequentially collected Brazilian tertiary hospital between 2014 2016. Aminoglycoside susceptibility testing was pe...

A key structural feature of the aminoglycoside antibiotics is a 1,3-diaminocyclohexanetriol termed streptamine or, in cases where the 2-hydroxy function is deoxygenated as in most aminoglycosides, 2-deoxystreptamine. This central position of 2-deoxystreptamine suggests a crucial role for the biological activity of the aminoglycosides, that form a large class of clinically important antibiotics ...

A novel low-molecular weight inhibitor of an aminoglycoside-inactivating enzyme, initially isolated from fermentation broths of Streptomyces neyagawaensis, was determined to be 7-hydroxytropolone. Its structure was confirmed by synthesis. In vitro synergy was demonstrated between 7-hydroxytropolone and certain aminoglycosides against bacteria which were resistant to those aminoglycosides by vir...

Aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AMEs) constitute the most prevalent mechanism of resistance to aminoglycosides by bacteria. We show that aminoglycosides can be doubly modified by the sequential actions of AMEs, with the activity of the second AME in most cases unaffected, decreased, or completely abolished. We demonstrate that the bifunctional enzyme AAC(3)-Ib/AAC(6')-Ib' can diacetylate gent...

Aminoglycosides are commonly prescribed antibiotics with deleterious side effects to the inner ear. Due to their popular application as a result of their potent antimicrobial activities, many efforts have been undertaken to prevent aminoglycoside ototoxicity. Over the years, understanding of the antimicrobial as well as ototoxic mechanisms of aminoglycosides has increased. These mechanisms are ...

Aminoglycoside is a potent antibiotic that stops the protein synthesis continuation by binding to the ribosomal decoding site. They are used to treat infection caused by the aerobic, gram-negative and certain gram-positive organisms. The most commonly used aminoglycoside is Gentamicin. Generally, single daily dosing of aminoglycosides is appeared to be safer, cost effective and efficacious. Pro...