Beta diversity is one of most important features in community ecology. Indices for pairwise comparison of beta diversity have been extensively developed, but the ones specifically designed for multiple-site comparison of beta diversity are still limited. Currently, by compiling all the available metrics based on the previous literature, plus some new metrics developed in the present report, we ...

Entropy measures of probability distributions are widely used measures in ecology, biology, genetics, and in other fields, to quantify species diversity of a community. Unfortunately, entropy–based diversity indices, or diversity indices for short, suffer from three problems. First, when computing the diversity for samples withdrawn from communities with different structures, diversity indices ...

This document explains diversity related methods in vegan. The methods are briefly described, and the equations used them are given often in more detail than in their help pages. The methods discussed include common diversity indices and rarefaction, families of diversity indices, species abundance models, species accumulation models and beta diversity, extrapolated richness and probability of ...

Background: Due to the importance of nutrition during pregnancy and its role in future generations' health, the study tried to determine dietary diversity and its relationship with newborns' anthropometric indices at birth. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 400 pregnant women (28-40 weeks of pregnancy) whom were referred to the health centers in Zahedan were studied in 2016. To assess the...

The diversity and richness of species are of important components to evaluate the health of ecologic system of rangelands. This research was conducted to investigate the biodiversity in riparian and neighboring areas via comparison of indices in Javaherdeh rangeland of Ramsar. Plot-transects was randomly used to estimate diversity, richness, dominance, and evenness indices in two regions. Multi...