Ractopamine is a beta adrenergic agonist used as a growth promoter in swine, cattle and turkeys. To test whether ractopamine has the potential to accumulate in plants grown in contaminated soil, a greenhouse study was conducted with alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) grown in two soils having different concentrations of organic matter (1.3% and 2.1%), amended with 0, 0.5, a...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of tannic acid (TA) and pistachio by-product tannin extract (PBE) on N utilization and efficiency of microbial nitrogen synthesis (EMNS) in Saanen dairy goats. The experimental design was a change over design with three treatments and three periods using six mid lactation multiparous dairy goats. Tannic acid solution and PBE were added to fresh ...

Alfalfa hay utilization by dairy cattle has expanded in western dairy states. Alfalfa silage utilization has increased in the Midwest. Alfalfa haylage contains high levels of nonprotein nitrogen (NPN) due to protein breakdown during fermentation. Excessive levels of NPN in alfalfa silage diets require supplementation of protected protein sources to meet protein demands of high-producing cattle....

Two studies evaluated the proteolysis of alfalfa that was ensiled in laboratory silos under different modified atmospheres. In the first study, fourthcutting alfalfa was ensiled at 25% dry matter (DM) for 28 d. The forage treatments were a modified atmosphere of 3% O2:20% CO2:77% N2, or formic acid (6 ml/kg of fresh weight); an untreated control was used for comparison. Proteolysis was assessed...

introduction using agro-industrial by-products in ruminants feeding could help in semi arid climate condition throughout the year. raisin by-product is produced in huge magnitude in malayer city, hamedan province. local different raisin by-products which produced during machinery cleaning and sorting of sun dried treated grapevine cluster (vitisvinifera l. cv. sultana), are as:1) some outer lay...

Two hundred eighty-eight crossbred yearling steers (BW = 351 ± 11 kg) were utilized in a completely randomized design to evaluate the effect of level of wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS) on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics. Dietary treatments consisted of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% dietary inclusion (DM basis) of WDGS, replacing corn. Basal ingredients consisted of high-...

Sixty White Leghorn hens were assigned to 1 of 6 treatments: pretrial control (PC), full fed (FF), 9-d feed withdrawal (FW), 90% alfalfa-10% layer ration (A90), 80% alfalfa-20% layer ration (A80), and 70% alfalfa/30% layer ration (A70). For the PC, hens were killed and bones collected immediately before light restriction. The FF hens were also subjected to light restriction. After hens were fas...

Sixteen Holstein cows in midlactation were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to determine the effect of replacing alfalfa neutral detergent fiber (NDF), with NDF from a combination of whole linted cottonseed, dried distillers grains, and wheat middlings. The four diets were a basal control diet that was low in forage and fiber [(5.9 g of corn silage NDF and 6.1 g of alfalfa NDF/100 g of dry m...

in order to evaluate salt (nacl) tolerance in alfalfa (medicago sativa l.) half-sib families, a factorial experiment on the basis of completely randomized design, with 20-25 individuals in pot (replicates) was carried out under field conditions at the research station of university of tabriz. electrophoretic analyses were performed by using 7.5% slab polyacrylamide gels. two antioxidant enzymes...