AIMS AND METHODS We studied the ethnic origin of cirrhotic patients retrospectively over the 14-year period 1987-2000 and compared the ethnic make-up of the cirrhotic patients with the ethnic make-up of the local catchment population. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Of 381 cirrhotics, 64.1% were white, 29.1% South Asian, 4.7% Afro-Caribbeans and 2.1% other races. These proportions were different from...

Plasma progesterone was raised in 36 of 50 (72%) men with liver disease compared with 20 healthy male control subjects. Plasma progesterone was significantly higher in men with non-alcoholic cirrhosis with gynaecomastia than those without, but no similar relationship was found in men with alcoholic fatty change and alcoholic cirrhosis. Hyperprolactinaemia was found in 14% of men with liver dise...

The association between agoraphobia and alcohol dependence has been frequently observed in Western literature, but reports from India are lacking. Two cases demonstrating such an association are described. In both of them, the agoraphobic symptoms followed alcohol dependence. The interaction between these two conditions may set up a vicious cycle, and failure to recognize this co-morbidity may ...

THIOPENTONE was introduced to clinical anaesthesia by Lundy in 1934 and the first reports of its use appeared in the following year (Lundy, 1935; Lundy and Tovell, 1935). Since then, thiopentone has almost entirely superseded other intravenous agents and has become the standard agent for inducing anaesthesia. It is not, however, without certain dangers. The main disadvantages are the occasional...

Despite the marked decrease of heavy drinking and of alcohollsin in this country in the first half of this century, alcoholism still institutes a social and medical problem of considerable magnitude. field studies showing the number of alcoholics in this country are available. An estimate carried out a few years ago by the ^Icoholism Sub-committee of the World Health Organisation? )Jised on the...

BACKGROUND A substantial proportion of women in Nepal consume alcohol and homebrewed alcoholic beverages are the most common type of alcohol. Alcohol being a part of tradition and culture in Nepal and evidences suggesting even low to moderate dose of alcohol having impacts on the birth outcomes, we aimed at exploring the alcohol consumption pattern during pregnancy and postpartum period along w...

A series of alcohol abuse prevention strategies was evaluated using computer simulation for three counties in the United States: Wake County, North Carolina, Washington County, Vermont and Alameda County, California. A system dynamics model composed of a network of interacting variables was developed for the pattern of alcoholic beverage consumption in a community. The relationship of community...

AIMS To evaluate the impact of the 2011 Scottish ban on multi-buy promotions of alcohol in retail stores. DESIGN AND SETTING Difference-in-differences analysis was used to estimate the impact of the ban on the volume of alcohol purchased by Scottish households, compared with those in England and Wales, between January 2010 and June 2012. PARTICIPANTS A total of 22 356 households in Scotland...

Economic literature in developed countries suggests that demand for alcoholic beverages is sensitive to price, with an estimated price elasticity ranging from -0.38 for beer and -0.7 for liquor. However, few studies have been conducted in developing countries. We employ a large individual-level dataset in China to estimate the effects of price on alcohol demand. Using the data from China Health...

AIMS Minimum alcohol prices in British Columbia have been adjusted intermittently over the past 20 years. The present study estimates impacts of these adjustments on alcohol consumption. DESIGN Time-series and longitudinal models of aggregate alcohol consumption with price and other economic data as independent variables. SETTING British Columbia (BC), Canada. PARTICIPANTS The population ...