Akin type (asymmetric) reverse osmosis membranes undergo an irreversible osmotic dehydration upon coming into contact (skin side) with salt solutions. The extent of consequent changes (in appearance; decrease in linear dimension, water flux and salt rejection) are dependent on the salt concentration. These observations are correlated with the expected morphological changes taking place duri...

We define and undertake a systematic study of thick, syndetic, and piecewise syndetic subsets of a Fräıssé structure. Each of these collections forms a family in the sense of Akin and Glasner [AG], and we define and study ultrafilters on each of these families, paying special attention to ultrafilters on the thick sets. In the process, we generalize many results of Bergelson, Hindman, and McCut...

We propose a new system-level abstraction, the lightweight immutable execution snapshot, which combines the immutable characteristics of checkpoints with the direct integration into the virtual memory subsystem of standard mutable address spaces. The abstraction can give arbitrary x86 programs and libraries system-level support for backtracking (akin to logic programming) and the ability to man...

Acute kidney injury (AKI) associated with high-dose vancomycin (VAN) therapy is a clinical concern, but no uniform diagnostic criteria exist. The AKI Network (AKIN) proposed new criteria to diagnose AKI based on abrupt changes in serum creatinine or urine output. We conducted a prospective observational study to determine the incidence and severity of AKI and associated outcomes using the AKIN ...

BACKGROUND Biomarkers of AKI that can predict which patients will develop severe renal disease at the time of diagnosis will facilitate timely intervention in populations at risk of adverse outcomes. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry was used to identify 30 potential prognostic urinary biomarkers of severe AKI in a group of patients t...