Increasing energy prices, tighter environmental regulation, and global competition urge the industry to optimize its processes for converting chemicals energy. This optimization is far from trivial. Often, key major breakthrough relies not only on optimal process conditions but also selecting suitable molecules as solvents, catalysts, or heat transfer fluids. selection highly coupled with itsel...

Often in modeling the engineering optimization design problems, the value of objective function(s) is not clearly defined in terms of design variables. Instead it is obtained by some numerical analysis such as FE structural analysis, fluid mechanic analysis, and thermodynamic analysis, etc. Yet, the numerical analyses are considerably time consuming to obtain the final value of objective functi...