The paper examined the relationship between openness and agricultural performance using data covering the period 1995 to 2009. Representing openness as foreign direct investment (FDI) and trade openness, the results showed that there is no long run relationship between FDI and trade openness on one hand and agricultural performance on the other. In the short run, vtrade openness and FDI exerted...

Synopsis There is great concern among the public in general, and consumers in particular, about the quality of the environment in relation to agriculture. Such concerns focus on issues such as pollution from agriculture, the quality of landscapes, animal welfare and food safety. As a result, many countries have developed a range of standards, codes of good practice and other policy measures. Th...

Capitalizing on the most recent estimates of agricultural border protection in China and in other countries, this paper assesses the economic and poverty impact of global trade reform in China. It also examines the interplay between the trade reforms and factor market reforms aimed at improving the allocation of labor within the Chinese economy. The results suggest that trade reforms in the res...

China's water resources are under increasing pressure from socioeconomic development, diet shifts, and climate change. Agriculture still concentrates most of the national water withdrawal. Moreover, a spatial mismatch in water and arable land availability--with abundant agricultural land and little water resources in the north--increases water scarcity and results in virtual water transfers fro...

© 2008 The Authors Journal compilation © 2008 Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society Inc. and Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8489.2007.00404.x Blackwell Publishing Ltd Oxford, UK AJAR ustralian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 1364-985X © 2008 The Authors Journ Compilat on © 2008 A str lian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society Inc. and...

Pursuant to Article 1 of the Convention signed in Paris on 14th December 1960, and which came into force on 30th September 1961, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) shall promote policies designed: – to achieve the highest sustainable economic growth and employment and a rising standard of living in Member countries, while maintaining financial stability, and thus t...

In developing countries markets for agri-food products are changing at a pace that is unparalleled in modern history. Markets are increasingly open and increasingly homogenized toward international tastes and requirements for levels of quality, packaging, safety, and even process attributes such as socially or environmentally friendly methods. New distribution channels, dominated by larger firm...

Hedgers located far from organized commodity exchanges suffer a mismatch between their local prices and exchange prices. Futures and options traded on the exchange may still be valuable to distant hedgers, but only to the extent that basis risk is small. Forward contracting allows hedgers to manage risk using a local delivery price, but the Commodity Futures Trading Commission has long banned t...

The free trade and marketing across borders of food and agricultural products have reduced their prices, and have consequently been pushing down the prices of agricultural machinery. Utilizing the worldwide industrial infrastructure, the manufacturing industry, including agricultural machinery manufacturers, has expanded the worldwide sourcing of materials and components and complied with such ...