PURPOSE Describe the relationship between medical students' self-assessment and goal-setting (SAGS) skills and development of interviewing skills during the first-year doctoring course. METHOD 157 first-year medical students completed three two-case standardized patient (SP) interviews. After each of the first two, students viewed videotapes of their interview, completed a SAGS worksheet, and...

PURPOSE Medical educators frequently use standardized patient (SP) encounters to bridge the gap between didactic education and practical application. Typically, SPs are healthy adults with no consistent physical findings; however, highly immersive virtual humans (VHs) may enable the consistent presentation of abnormal physical findings to multiple learners across multiple repetitions. Thus, the...

This study examines the situation of female directors in the top 100 UK quoted companies in the context of recent debates about occupational gender differences and the quality of corporate governance. Less than 2% of the executive directors in our sample are females and just under 9% of the non-executive directors are females. Female non-executive directors receive about two thirds the remunera...

This article reviews empirical studies on the relationship between independent directors and firm performance in Chinese listed companies. The purpose is to generalize empirical evidence on the theoretical claim that independent directors can improve firm performance by performing their monitoring role over management as expected by Chinese regulators. To fulfil this purpose, this article condu...

After the War, when Barcroft undertook to bring out a second edition of his classic, The Respiratory Functions of the Blood, the subject had expanded so much, that it seemed advisable to treat its various aspects separately in a series of small volumes. The first of these, Lessons from High Altitudes, appeared in I925; the second, Haemoglobin, has just been published. It stands as the most comp...

OBJECTIVE Motivational interviewing to reduce alcohol and marijuana use among incarcerated adolescents was evaluated. METHOD Adolescents (N = 162, 84% male; M = 17.10 years old) were randomly assigned to receive motivational interviewing or relaxation training, with follow-up assessment 3 months after release. RESULTS Compared with those who received relaxation training, adolescents who rec...

The study, first published in 2003, looks at the root causes of adverse events and near misses in obstetrics at seven hospital maternity units by interviewing 93 members of staff, identifying the areas of mismanagement in each case and thematically analysing them.

BACKGROUND From a management perspective, it is necessary to examine how a hospital's top management assess the patient safety culture in their organisation. This study examines whether the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture for hospital management (HSOPS_M) has the same psychometric properties as the HSOPS for hospital employees does. METHODS In 2008, a questionnaire survey including ...

The paper addresses the issue of the importance of independent, outside directors in monitoring the affairs of the firm. There is much debate about whether nonaffiliated directors are more supportive of the shareholderinterest hypothesis or the management entrenchment hypothesis. In this study of 1,026 announcements of the appointment of independent outside directors between 1990-1994, the auth...

The author reviewed the literature on legal risk management in patient care, and carried out research in two acute care hospitals. The hospital research involved auditing policies and procedures, interviewing key people in the hospital, reviewing external legal and policy trends, and examining selected complaints files and legal cases. The results were used to develop a 'typology' of legal risk...