Most reported efforts to enhance production of the industrially valuable specialty chemical succinate have been done under anaerobic conditions, where E. coli undergoes mixed-acid fermentation. These efforts have often been hampered by the limitations of NADH availability, poor cell growth, and slow production. An aerobic succinate production system was strategically designed that allows E. col...

A model for the aerobic and anaerobic growth of Escherichia coli (HB101 K12 pGLO) depending on the concentration of oxygen and DOC as substrate has been developed based on laboratory batch experiments. Using inverse modelling to obtain optimal sets of parameters, it could be shown that a model based on a modified double Contois kinetic can predict cell densities, organic carbon utilisation, oxy...

Rapidly proliferating cells switch from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis plus glutaminolysis, markedly increasing glucose and glutamine catabolism. Although Otto Warburg first described aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells >90 years ago, the primary purpose of this metabolic switch remains controversial. The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway requires glucose and glutamine for de novo...

Responsible for plasma membrane structure maintenance in eukaryotic organisms, sterols are essential yeast development. The role of two sterol sources Saccharomyces cerevisiae during wine fermentation is highlighted this review: ergosterol (yeast produced by cells under aerobic conditions) and phytosterols (plant imported from grape musts the absence oxygen). These compounds responsible cell vi...

Heterocyclic N-oxides are an interesting class of antitumor agents that selectively kill the hypoxic cells found in solid tumors. The hypoxia-selective activity of the lead compound in this class, tirapazamine, stems from its ability to undergo intracellular one-electron reduction to an oxygen-sensitive drug radical intermediate. In the presence of molecular oxygen, the radical intermediate is ...

Background Metastasis poses a great challenge in clinical management of many cancers. Metabolic demands of cancer cell proliferation – i.e. elevated aerobic glycolysis for biomass generation – have been well characterized, but the contribution of altered metabolism to metastasis remains to be elucidated. While elevated aerobic glycolysis, a phenomenon termed Warburg effect, is a hallmark of pro...

KEY POINTS Obesity results in perilymphatic inflammation and lymphatic dysfunction. Lymphatic dysfunction in obesity is characterized by decreased lymphatic vessel density, decreased collecting lymphatic vessel pumping frequency, decreased lymphatic trafficking of immune cells, increased lymphatic vessel leakiness and changes in the gene expression patterns of lymphatic endothelial cells. Aerob...

The measurement of respiration is very important because it provides a window through which we can determine the metabolic activity of plant tissues. During aerobic respiration, stored food (e.g., carbohydrates, fats, proteins) are combined with oxygen from the atmosphere to produce carbon dioxide, water and the energy needed to maintain the plant cell, tissue and quality of the commodity. The ...

2,3-butanediol (2,3-BDO) is a platform chemical that can be converted to wide array of products ranging from bio-based materials sustainable aviation fuel. This produced by variety microorganisms in fermentation processes. Challenges remain for high titer 2,3-BDO production during due several parameters, but controlling oxygen one the most relevant processing parameters ensure viable product ou...