The purpose of this review is to discuss recent developments occurring at the interface of cosmology with string and M-theory. We begin with a short review of 1980s string cosmology and the Brandenberger-Vafa mechanism for explaining spacetime dimensionality and then introduce the Pre-Big-Bang scenario (PBB), the work of Hořava-Witten and Lukas, Ovrut and Waldram, and end with a discussion of t...

November the 26th 1914, early in the morning. In the river mouth of the Medway, a fleet of impressive battle ships is ready to oppose maritime attacks on Great Britain. But everything is still quiet, at that moment. However, at a couple of minutes to eight, one of the ships is suddenly surrounded by flames, without the slightest previous warning. Next, a big explosion was heard for ten miles ar...

The role of neutrinos in big bang nucleosynthesis is reviewed. Neutrino oscillations in the early universe both in resonance and non-resonance case are briefly discussed. BBN and supernova limits on heavy sterile neutrinos with the mass in 10-100 MeV range are presented and compared with direct experimental bounds.

The Irish community is the oldest minority ethnic community in Britain. Despite an older age profile than general or minority ethnic populations, as well as excesses of mental and physical ill-health and socio-economic disadvantage, the age, poor health and social profile of the community is largely ignored by policy makers and providers. Several of these factors predispose the Irish community ...

We present precision measurements of the 3He + 4He →7Be reaction in the range Ec.m. = 0.33 to 1.23 MeV using a small gas cell and detection of both prompt γ rays and 7Be activity. Our prompt and activity measurements are in good agreement within the experimental uncertainty of several percent. We find S(0) = 0.595 ± 0.018 keV b from fits of the Kajino theory to our data. We compare our results ...

This article describes uses of dependencies in tools to maintain big proofs in interactive proof assistants. The aim of this article is to describe the notion of dependency in proof assistants, how it can be used to design tools to maintain large proofs and how those tools could be integrated in proof environment.

Visualization of search results is an essential step in the Information Retrieval process. Indeed Information User Interfaces are used as a link between users and Information Retrieval Systems, and so they enable to give sense to the results for users. Due to the importance that takes visualization of search results, many interfaces (which can be textual, in 2D or in 3D) have been proposed in t...

Recent evidence for neutrino oscillations has revolutionized the study of neutrino masses and mixing. This report gives an overview of what we are learning from the neutrino oscillation experiments, the prospects for the near term, and the bright future of neutrino mass studies. I NEUTRINO COUNTING How many neutrinos are there? Neutrino counting at LEP of Z → νν̄ decays obtains Nν = 3 active fla...

this study examined farmers’ perception and adoption of yam minisett technology. the study was carried out in anambra state, nigeria. a sample size of 120 yam farmers was used for the study. data were collected using a structured and validated interview schedule. data generated for the study were summarized using descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage and mean scores while the sig...