The recent expansion of Nicotine Replacement Therapy to pregnant women and children ignores the fact that nicotine impairs, disrupts, duplicates and/or interacts with essential physiological functions and is involved in tobacco-related carcinogenesis. The main concerns in the present context are its fetotoxicity and neuroteratogenicity that can cause cognitive, affective and behavioral disorder...

Adolescent pregnancy is associated with adverse birth outcomes. Less is known about its influence on maternal growth and nutritional status. We determined how pregnancy and lactation during adolescence affects postmenarcheal linear and ponderal growth and body composition of 12-19 y olds in rural Bangladesh. In a prospective cohort study, anthropometric measurements were taken among primigravid...

BACKGROUND We performed a cross-sectional study of associations between personal characteristics and lipid-adjusted serum concentrations of certain PCB congeners and chlorinated pesticides/metabolites among 323 pregnant primiparous women from Uppsala County (age 18-41 years) sampled 1996-1999. METHODS Extensive personal interviews and questionnaires about personal characteristics were perform...

Objective This study investigates the associations between maternal health and health-related behaviours (nutrition, physical activity, alcohol consumption smoking) both during pregnancy up to 15 months from childbirth children’s outcomes infancy adolescence (general health, presence of a chronic illness, outcome index). Methods used Wave 1 (2004) 7 (2016) data Longitudinal Survey Australian Ch...

posed population. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2010;19(6):1557-1568. 6. US Dept of Agriculture Economic Research Service. Illinois state-level map. http://www.ers.usda.gov/data/ruraldefinitions/IL.pdf. Accessed June 1, 2011. 7. US Census Bureau. American FactFinder. http://factfinder.census.gov/home /saff/main.html?_lang=en. Accessed June 1, 2011. 8. Dellavalle RP, Schilling LM, Chen AK, H...

BACKGROUND Studies of the effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy have reported inconsistent findings in relation to measures of offspring cognitive functioning. Few studies, however, have examined learning outcomes in adolescents, as opposed to IQ. AIM To examine the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and academic performance among adolescent offspring. STUDY DESIGN...

OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to examine the extent to which exposure to childhood sexual abuse (CSA) was associated with increased rates of sexual risk taking behaviors and sexual revictimization during adolescence. METHOD A birth cohort of 520 New Zealand born young women was studied at regular intervals from birth to the age of 18. At age 18 retrospective reports of CSA were obtain...

Although cannabis is a naturally occurring plant with long history of use by humans, the chemicals it contains, called cannabinoids, can act on human body in many ways. Use during important periods development, such as pregnancy and adolescence, have long-lasting impact way brain forms develops its systems to control emotions other functions. This article gives an overview some effects cannabin...