We introduce LAM, a subsystem of IMALL2 with restricted additive rules able to manage duplication linearly, called linear rules. LAM is presented as the type assignment system for calculus endowed copy constructors, which deal substitution in fashion. As opposed standard rules, do not affect complexity term reduction: typable terms enjoy strong normalization. Moreover, mildly weakened version c...

Yeasts have been known to humans for thousands of years as they have been used in traditional fermentation processes like wine, beer and bread making. Today, yeasts are also used as alternative sources of high nutritional value proteins, enzymes and vitamins, and have numerous applications in the health food industry as food additives, conditioners and flavouring agents, for the production of m...

Permutative logic (PL) is a noncommutative variant of multiplicative linear logic (MLL) arising from recent investigations concerning the topology of linear proofs. Permutative sequents are structured as oriented surfaces with boundary whose topological complexity is able to encode some information about the exchange in sequential proofs. In this paper we provide a complete permutative sequent ...

The polymers used in plastics are generally harmless. However, they are rarely used in pure form. In almost all commercial plastics, they are "compounded" with monomeric ingredients to improve their processing and end-use performance. In order of total volume used, these monomeric additives may be classified as follows: reinforcing fibers, fillers, and coupling agents; plasticizers; colorants; ...

To maintain consistency or texture ? to sustain smoothness or prevent the food from separating, caking, or clumping. To improve or retain nutritional value: Enrichment replaces nutrients lost in processing ? this occurs with grains, as some vitamins and minerals are lost in the milling process. Fortification adds a nutrient that wasn't there before and may be lacking in many people's diets. Iod...

Biomimetic scaffolds are desirable for 3D cell culture, yet optically transparent, macroporous, polysaccharide hydrogels have been limited. By incorporating soluble monoand disaccharide additives during cryogelation, we synthesized biomimetic scaffolds and gained insight into the mechanism of their formation. The mono/disaccharide additives affect the size of ice crystal porogens and interact w...

Lubricant additives, based on inorganic nanoparticles coated with organic outer layer, can reduce wear and increase load-carrying capacity of base oil remarkably, indicating the great potential of hybrid nanoparticles as anti-wear and extreme-pressure additives with excellent levels of performance. The organic part in the hybrid materials improves their flexibility and stability, while the inor...

The influence of the addition of organic compounds, such as palmitic acid and cholesteryl myristate, on the porous structure of Fe-Al intermetallics formation has been investigated in detail in this paper. It was found that additives have a significant effect on the final porosity of the obtained sinters. Formed gaseous products from combustion play the role of the foaming agent during Fe-Al in...

SEI-forming additives play an important role in lithium-ion batteries, and the key to improving battery functionality is to determine if, how, and when these additives are reduced. Here, we tested a number of computational approaches and methods to determine the best way to predict and describe the properties of the additives. A wide selection of factors were evaluated, including the influences...