INTRODUCTION Acute renal failure (ARF) is a common complication in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. The traditional diagnostic criteria of renal failure in these patients were proposed in 1996 and have been refined in subsequent years. According to these criteria, ARF is defined as an increase in serum creatinine (sCr) of ≥50% from baseline to a final value >1.5 mg/dL (133 mmol/L). Howeve...

OBJECTIVE Acute renal failure (ARF) frequently complicates lung transplantation. This study determined the prevalence, predictive factors, and consequences of ARF on long-term renal function and survival. METHODS One hundred and seventy-four lung transplantation recipients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of ARF defined as a 50% decrease in creatinine clearance fr...

Although renal replacement therapy (RRT) is the mainstay of supportive care in patients with severe acute renal failure (ARF), performance of this life-sustaining treatment can have untoward effects that contribute to the prolongation of renal failure or impede the ultimate recovery of renal function. Renal biopsies in patients with prolonged ARF managed using hemodialysis demonstrated regions ...

The most consistent presenting complaint for patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and protein-losing nephropathy (PLN) is polyuria/polydipsia (PU/PD), though occasionally the owner does not recognize these clinical signs. Other historical findings for chronic renal failure may include weight loss and decreased appetite. Intermittent vomiting may be seen if secondary uremic gastric ulcers a...

In their landmark paper published in 1941, Bywaters and Beall described the causative association between crush injury and an abrupt decline in renal function (acute renal failure). Subsequently, acute renal failure (ARF) has been documented in more diverse clinical settings and currently represents one of the most common entities that nephrologists are asked to diagnose and treat. The availabi...

BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to determine, using the score for neonatal acute physiology and perinatal extension II (SNAPPE-II), whether there is an association with acute renal failure (ARF) and whether it is possible to identify newborns at risk for ARF prior to a rise in creatinine in newborns. METHODS Information on postnatal risk factors and SNAPPE-II on the first day of l...

Acute renal failure (ARF) is a frequent and serious complication of endotoxemia caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and contributes significantly to mortality. The present studies were undertaken to examine the roles of nitric oxide (NO) and caspase activation on renal peritubular blood flow and apoptosis in a murine model of LPS-induced ARF. Male C57BL/6 mice treated with LPS (Escherichia coli)...

Acute renal failure (ARF) is a common complication in critically ill patients, with ARF requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) developing in 5 to 10% of intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that ARF is an independent risk factor for mortality. Interventions to prevent the development of ARF are currently limited to a small number of settings, primaril...

Ischemic acute renal failure (ARF) results in the permanent loss of peritubular capillaries and predisposes the progression of chronic renal failure. The present study was undertaken to determine whether renal hypoxia, which may represent an important mediator in disease progression, is persistently exacerbated after recovery from ARF. Rats were subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury and allo...

Secondary renal injury in the setting of acute renal failure (ARF) is “an additional renal injury developing in the setting of a primary renal injury”. The nature of prevention of secondary renal injury in the setting of ARF may depend on the process initiating primary renal injury. It is often impossible to separate primary from secondary renal injury when the process of primary acute renal in...