Stroke is associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to the limited neuroregeneration capacity of the injured brain. Other than thrombolysis in the acute phase of the disease by tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), which offers only a short window of treatment (~3 hours), an ideal stroke therapy is not available mainly because of limited understanding of the mechanisms of neuroregen...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hemispatial neglect is among the most common and disabling consequences of right hemisphere stroke. A variety of variables have been associated with the presence or severity of neglect but have not evaluated the independent effects of location, severity, and volume of ischemia. Few have determined areas involved in different types of neglect. We identified the contributio...

BACKGROUND Moderate elevations of brain temperature, when present during or after ischemia or trauma, may markedly worsen the resulting injury. We review these provocative findings, which form the rationale for our recommendation that physicians treating acute cerebral ischemia or traumatic brain injury diligently monitor their patients for incipient fever and take prompt measures to maintain c...

BACKGROUND Vascular damage caused by cerebral ischemia leads to edema, hemorrhage formation, and worsened outcomes in ischemic stroke patients. Therapeutic interventions need to be developed to provide vascular protection. The purpose of this review is to identify the pathophysiologic processes involved in vascular damage after ischemia, which may lead to strategies to provide vascular protecti...

Abbreviations: ACC American College of Cardiology, ACGME Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, ECASS European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study, IA intra-arterial, ICH intracranial hemorrhage, IV intravenous, MCA middle cerebral artery, MELT Middle cerebral artery Embolism Local fibrinolytic intervention Trial, MERCI Mechanical Embolus Removal in Cerebral Ischemia [trial], mRS modi...

introduction: stroke is one of the most important reasons of death. hence, trials to prevent or lessen the complications originated by stroke are a goal of public health worldwide. the ischemia-reperfusion causes hypoxia, hypoglycemia and incomplete repel of metabolic waste products and leads to accumulation of free radicals triggering neuronal death. the a1 adenosine receptoras an endogenous l...

Admission hyperglycemia (HG) amplifies vascular injury and neurological deficits in acute ischemic stroke, but the mechanisms remain controversial. We recently reported that ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury impairs the myogenic response in both hemispheres via increased nitration. However, whether HG amplifies contralateral myogenic dysfunction and whether loss of tone in the contralateral hem...

Background Stroke should be conceptualized as a syndrome. The term ‘stroke’ is a rubric that includes ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack, intracerebral hemorrhage, atraumatic or aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. Each of these stroke types has very different prognoses, treatment and outcomes. Hypertension is quantitatively the most important ris...

Abstract Background Fibulin-5 and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels increase in acute phase of cerebrovascular diseases, yet data regarding their various stroke subtypes correlation with severity prognosis are still insufficient. This work aims to evaluate serum IMA fibulin-5 as markers for early detection predicting disease. Method case-control study was done on 100 patients first time st...

Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Several reports suggest that acute inflammation after ischemia-reperfusion exacerbates brain damage; however, molecular mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear. Here, we report that MAC-3-positive immune cells, including infiltrating bone marrow-derived macrophages and activated microglia, express abundant angiopoiet...