Rotavirus gastroenteritis is a common childhood infection, but the exact morbidity of the disease is not well described in Japan. We aimed at estimating morbidity measures to determine the magnitude of rotavirus gastroenteritis. An estimate for acute infectious gastroenteritis of all causes, to which rotavirus gastroenteritis belongs, has been available since the enactment in 1999 of the Law co...

We evaluated quantitative real-time PCR to establish the diagnosis of rotavirus gastroenteritis in a high-disease-burden population in Malawi using enzyme immunoassay as the gold standard diagnostic test. In 146 children with acute gastroenteritis and 65 asymptomatic children, we defined a cutoff point in the threshold cycle value (26.7) that predicts rotavirus-attributable gastroenteritis in t...

This study presents data regarding the circulation of astrovirus in Goiânia-GO and Brasília-DF. These viruses were detected in fecal samples from hospitalized children up to five years old with and without acute gastroenteritis. A total of 1244 fecal samples were collected in two periods, 1994 to 1996 (Brasília) and 1998 to 2002 (Goiânia and Brasília), and were analyzed for viral RNA using the ...

OBJECTIVES The primary aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of selected bacterial and viral enteropathogens in children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis and the secondary aim was to characterize the clinical course and the outcome. METHODOLOGY A retrospective audit of children (<15 years) admitted with acute gastroenteritis during January 2008 to October 2010. Stool sample...

BACKGROUND Rotavirus is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in children and is associated with neurological complications such as seizures and encephalopathy. The aim of this study was to investigate the presentation and complications of rotavirus compared to non-rotavirus gastroenteritis in UK children. METHODS This was a retrospective, case-control, hospital-based study conducted at ...

By the end of December 2000, the epidemiological system 'Alert' of the Public Health Institute in Tirane reported an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis. The outbreak involved children in Tirane and in the rural area. In total, 2722 children were seen in Tirane Hospital and 982 (56.4%) were treated for acute gastroenteritis. The age group with the highest morbidity was 0-5 years (89.7%), followed...

To clarify the physiological and pathophysiological roles of intestinal urate excretion via ABCG2 in humans, we genotyped ABCG2 dysfunctional common variants, Q126X (rs72552713) and Q141K (rs2231142), in end-stage renal disease (hemodialysis) and acute gastroenteritis patients, respectively. ABCG2 dysfunction markedly increased serum uric acid (SUA) levels in 106 hemodialysis patients (P = 1.1 ...

Norovirus is a leading cause of acute non-bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide, affecting developing and developed countries, both children and adults. This study describes an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis at a daycare center of a tertiary level hospital in Bangkok, Thailand during October 2014. Although none of the staff became symptomatic, 8 of 11 children attending the center and 4 of the...

Human noroviruses are a group of viral agents that afflict people of all age groups. The viruses are now recognized as the most common causative agent of nonbacterial acute gastroenteritis and foodborne viral illness worldwide. However, they have been considered to play insignificant roles in the disease burden of acute gastroenteritis for the past decades until the recent advent of new and mor...

The impact of Norwalk-like virus (NLV) infection on military forces is evaluated in this report. NLVs were a major cause of both outbreaks and sporadic disease among crowded US ground troops in the 1991 war with Iraq. NLVs also have been found to be a cause of acute gastroenteritis in other ground and shipboard deployments. Four large outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis were investigated aboard ...