The paper gives the results of a series of experiments made with a special technique for the purpose of testing whether or not so called antiblastic phenomena or bactericidal phenomena play any part in immunity to pneumococcus. The technique employed is that devised by the writer and consists in the isolation of single bacteria and their growth in hanging drops where growth can be continuously ...

objective: some evidence suggests that chronic uptake of estragole and methyl-eugenol, found in the essential oil of artemisia dracunculus (tarragon), may be associated with an increased risk of hepato-carcinogenicity. the present study was conducted to investigate the immumodulatory and anti-inflammatory potentials of estragole and methyl-eugenol free extract of tarragon. materials and methods...

A successful cow/calf operation requires that a large percentage of cows wean a live calf every year. A live calf at weaning time requires survival of the offspring from birth to weaning. USDA beef researchers and rancher surveys report that diseases including scours and pneumonia cause significant numbers of young calf deaths. Resistance to disease is greatly dependent on antibodies or immunog...

We study a recently proposed design approach of Feistel ciphers which employs optimal diffusion mappings across multiple rounds. This idea was proposed by Shirai and Shibutani at FSE2004, and the technique enables to improve the immunity against either differential or linear cryptanalysis (but not both). In this paper, we present a theoretical explanation why the new design using three differen...

No official recommendations have been made on whether children infected with HIV on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) should be revaccinated. We reviewed published work to establish whether these children have protective immunity to vaccine-preventable diseases and to assess short-term and long-term immune responses to vaccination of children given HAART. In general, children on HAAR...

Cyclosporin A (CsA) is an effective modulator of multidrug resistance (MDR) in vitro and in murine tumour systems in vivo. We now report the production of immunity to L1210 leukaemia by the addition of CsA to VP-16 therapy of leukaemic BDF/1 mice. VP-16/cyclosporin A tumour immunity induction arises as a consequence of active therapy independently of immunisation with modified tumour cells. The...

This study explored the effects of GnRH agonist (GnRHa) immunity on expression of FSHR mRNA in pituitary and FSHR protein in uteri, and also confirmed its efficacy on uterine development. 42 prepuberty and non cyclic ewes were assigned to 6 experimental groups (EG) during anestrus season. Animals in EG-I, EG-II and EG-III were subcutaneously injected with 200, 300 and 400 μg alarelin antigens (...

Recognition of molecular patterns characteristic of microbes or altered-self leads to immune activation in multicellular eukaryotes. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the leucine-rich-repeat receptor kinases FLAGELLIN-SENSING2 (FLS2) and EF-TU RECEPTOR (EFR) recognize bacterial flagellin and elongation factor EF-Tu (and their elicitor-active epitopes flg22 and elf18), respectively. Likewise, PEP1 RECEPT...

Cancers express tumor associated antigens that should elicit immune attack, but spontaneous immune rejection of established cancer is rare. Recent data demonstrate that specific and active tumor-mediated mechanisms hinder host anti-tumor immunity. CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells (Tregs) are important mediators of active immune evasion in cancer. Disrupting tumor-mediated mechanisms hindering host ...

Immunity against differential cryptanalysis is an important measure in designing symmetric ciphers. Practical security is a measure to evaluate this immunity by estimating the minimum number of differential active s-boxes. A cipher with more sboxes is said to have better immunity against differential cryptanalysis. In this paper, we evaluate the immunity of three types of Extended Feistel Netwo...