The tachocline is a thin shear layer located near the interface between the uniformly rotating radiative zone and the differentially rotating convective zone in the Sun. Indeed, helioseismic observations (Schou et al. 1998; Gough 2007) reveal that the base of the convection zone has an angular velocity profile Ωcz(θ) consistent with Ωcz(θ) = Ωeq(1− a cos 2 θ − b cos θ) with Ωeq = 2.9× 10 s, a =...

The presynaptic active zone contains a complex web of proteins involved in synaptic transmission. In this issue of Neuron, two articles show evidence that one of these proteins, Bassoon, coordinates multiple functions in a conventional and ribbon-type synapse.

The damaged rock around mature faults forms a zone of low seismic wave 24 velocities, which can perturb important earthquake rupture properties. In particular, waves 25 reflected within the fault zone structure can induce short-duration slip pulses, an apparently 26 predominant earthquake rupture mode. Another known mechanism to generate slip pulses is 27 strong velocity-weakening friction. Her...

In mixing ventilation systems, diffusers are often located on side walls and supply quasi-free air jets above the occupied zone. The data presented in this paper shows a new CFD 3D benchmark with two well-defined characteristic zones in the room, i.e., the quasi-free jet zone and the occupied zone. Measurement methods adequate for air velocity and speed measurement were applied: laser Doppler a...

Recent observations have shown that shear waves trapped within lowvelocity fault zones may be the most sensitive measure of fault-zone structure (Li e t al. , 1994a, 1994b). Finite-difference simulations demonstrate the effects of several types of complexi ty on observations of fault-zone trapped waves. Overlying sediments with a thickness more than one or two fault-zone widths and fault-zone s...