The solvent reorganization energy of outer sphere electron transfer in polar liquids is derived in a molecular treatment. The reorganization energy is shown to be the sum of two contributions: the reorganization energy of reorientation of liquid permanent dipoles and the energy of reorganization of the liquid density. Reorientation of the dipoles gives the main contribution to the solvent reorg...

Catalytic activity of catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6), immobilized on carbon black NORIT and soot PM-100, with respect to decomposition of dibenzoyl peroxide (BPO) in non-aqueous media (acetonitrile and tetrachloromethane), was investigated with a quantitative UV-spectrophotometrical approach. Progress of the above reaction was controlled by selected kinetic parameters: the apparent Michaelis const...

congestive heart failure (chf) remains to be one of the major cardiovascular disorders in the world. due to the prevalence of chf related issues, it is prudent to seek out new prognostic predictors that would facilitate the prevention, monitoring, and treatment of the disease on a daily basis. a detection approach using entropy measures extracted from surface electrocardiograms (ecgs) and class...

A series of ionic liquids containing anions of differing coordination strength were investigated as solvents for the condensation reaction of an alkyl amine and an aromatic aldehyde. As predicted, the rate constant of the process was found to increase with the proportion of the ionic liquid in the reaction mixture. Temperature-dependent kinetic analyses demonstrated that by varying the ability ...

The activity of thermo-transient receptor potential (TRP) channels is highly dependent on temperature, and thus thermo-TRP reactions have a high temperature coefficient Q 10. In thermodynamics, a high value of Q 10 indicates the existence of a large activation energy (i.e., a large enthalpy) over a short period during the transition process between the closed and open states of the channels. Th...

The enzymic reactions of ectothermic (cold-blooded) species differ from those of avian and mammalian species in terms of the magnitudes of the three thermodynamic activation parameters, the free energy of activation (DeltaG()), the enthalpy of activation (DeltaH()), and the entropy of activation (DeltaS()). Ectothermic enzymes are more efficient than the homologous enzymes of birds and mammals ...

In this paper we study some monotone behavior of the residual (past) entropy of order . We prove that, under some relation between the hazard rates (reversed hazard rates) of two distributions functions F and G, when the residual (past) entropy of order of F is decreasing (increasing) then the residual (past) entropy of G is decreasing (increasing). Using this, several conclusions regarding mo...

Across-brain neurodynamic organizations arise when teams perform coordinated tasks. We describe a symbolic electroencephalographic (EEG) approach that identifies when team neurodynamic organizations occur and demonstrate its utility with scientific problem solving and submarine navigation tasks. Each second, neurodynamic symbols (NS) were created showing the 1-40 Hz EEG power spectral densities...

The pathophysiology of primary progressive aphasias remains poorly understood. Here, we addressed this issue using activation fMRI in a cohort of 27 patients with primary progressive aphasia (nonfluent, semantic, and logopenic variants) versus 15 healthy controls. Participants listened passively to sequences of spoken syllables in which we manipulated 3-key auditory speech signal characteristic...