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CONTEXT An activating mutation in the gene BRAF has been correlated with poorer prognosis and more aggressive clinical course in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). We therefore hypothesized that the good prognosis, high 5-year disease-free rate and high survival rate of patients with less aggressive papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (pT1aNo-x) would be associated with a lower incidence of the BR...

BACKGROUND This study investigated the mechanism underlying the activating mutation of SHP-2 in promoting malignant biological behaviors of glioma cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS The SHP-2 empty plasmid pcDNA3.1 and SHP-2 activating mutation plasmid pcDNA3.1 SHP-2 D61G mutant eukaryotic expression vectors were designed; stable SHP-2-expressing cells transfected with pcDNA3.1 SHP-2 D61G mutant were ...

ALK receptor tyrosine kinase has been shown to be a therapeutic target in neuroblastoma. Germline ALK activating mutations are responsible for the majority of hereditary neuroblastoma and somatic ALK activating mutations are also frequently observed in sporadic cases of advanced NB. Crizotinib, a first-line therapy in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring ALK re...

The PI3-kinase pathway is commonly activated in tumors, most often by loss of PTEN lipid phosphatase activity or the amplification or mutation of p110α. Oncogenic mutants have commonly been found in p110α, but rarely in any of the other catalytic subunits of class I PI3-kinases. We here characterize a p110β helical domain mutation, E633K, first identified in a Her2-positive breast cancer. The m...

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) associated with stress reactions play an important role in cell survival by activating numerous regulatory and inducing black apoptosis. This study aimed to identify the potential SNPs of HSP70 gene Kacang goats Indonesia. Forty-three were selected from Sidoarjo Tulungagung districts. The DNA isolated blood samples was successfully amplified using polymerase chain rea...

multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system which its main characteristic is an inflammation and demyelination and subsequent, neural degeneration. many studies have shown that inflammation causing neuronal demyelination. ms is the most common cause of chronic neurological disability in during youth which the prognosis is that can be death. platelet activating fact...

Testotoxicosis is a form of male precocious puberty caused by heterogeneous activating mutations in the gene for the lutrophin/choriogonadotrophin receptor (LHR). A patient with an unusually early and severe presentation of testotoxicosis, including profound Leydig cell hyperplasia, was found to have a sporadic mutation encoding Asp578-->Tyr. The severe testotoxicosis phenotype appears to be re...