Previous studies of the choline acetylation system of brain and of the head ganglion of the squid have utilized acetate, ATP,’ and CoA to generate “active acetate” (1, 2). Following the isolation of acetyl CoA by Lynen et al. (3), its identity with “active acetate” has been established by the demonstration that the acetylated coenzyme is the acetyl donor in the biological acetylation of sulfani...

Acetyl-CoA produced in mitochondria from carbohydrate or amino acid catabolism needs to reach the cytosol to initiate de novo synthesis of fatty acids. All eukaryotes analyzed so far use a citrate/malate shuttle to transfer acetyl group equivalents from the mitochondrial matrix to the cytosol. Here we investigate how this acetyl group transfer occurs in the procyclic life cycle stage of Trypano...

This study demonstrates the presence of an N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyltransferase in human serum and in erythrocyte membranes. This enzyme catalyzes the transfer of N-acetyl-D-galactosamine from UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine to a mucin receptor and 2'-fucosyllactose that have blood group H activity and may be responsible, therefore, for blood group A antigenicity. It was present in the serum of in...

In natural product synthesis, the procurement of easily accessible starting materials is crucial. Chromenones and their subclass, coumarins, are a wide family small, oxygen-containing aromatic heterocycles. Phenylcoumarins offer particularly excellent point for diverse chemical space products, thus staring more complex products. Herein, we report an efficient synthesis 3-phenylcoumarin bearing ...

The present study determines the efficacy of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) on marker enzymes, lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) (3 mL/kg/week) administered subcutaneously to albino Wistar rats for a period of three months significantly increased the activities of marker enzymes in plasma such as aspartate transamina...

Aniline is widely used chemical for industrial purpose. Exposure to aniline can lead various health issues in human being. The most common toxic effect of splenotoxicity which produced via the generation oxidative stress. present study examines protective coenzyme Q10 and N-acetyl cysteine on spleen weight, body endogenous antioxidants membrane bound ATPases hydrochloride (AH) induced toxicity ...

Chitin fiber is the load-bearing component in natural chitin-based materials. In these materials, chitin is always partially deacetylated to different levels, leading to diverse material properties. In order to understand how the acetyl group enhances the fracture resistance capability of chitin fiber, we constructed atomistic models of chitin with varied acetylation degree and analyzed the hyd...

background: organophosphorus (op) poisoning is a major public health problem in developing world. op pesticides inhibit carboxylic esterase enzymes including plasma cholinesterase (pche). clinical manifestations following op poisoning can be associated with the extent of decrease of pche. this study was designed to investigate the relevance of pche level to clinical manifestations in op poisoni...

Non-cellulosic cell wall polysaccharides constitute approximately one quarter of usable biomass for human exploitation. In contrast to cellulose, these components are usually substituted by O-acetyl groups, which affect their properties and interactions with other polymers, thus affecting their solubility and extractability. However, details of these interactions are still largely obscure. More...

A cell-free system, consisting of particle-free cytoplasm and mitochondria prepared from rat liver, has been used to study the transfer of acetyl groups from the intramitochond&l to the extramitochondrial space during fatty acid synthesis. 14C-Pyruvate, generated from W-alanine, was used to generate intramitochondrial 14C-acetyl-CoA. Fatty acid synthesis was followed by measuring the incorporat...