IN THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE TITLE COMPOUND (SYSTEMATIC NAME: 5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclo-hepta-triene-5-carboxamide ethanoic acid solvate), C(16)H(13)NO·C(2)H(4)O(2), the cytenamide and solvent mol-ecules form a hydrogen-bonded R(2) (2)(8) dimer motif, which is further connected to form a centrosymmetric double ring motif arrangement. The cycloheptene ring adopts a boat conformation and the dihedr...

The title compound, C(9)H(8)O(2)S(2), can be used as a chain transfer agent and may be used to control the behavior of polymerization reactions. O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds of moderate character link the mol-ecules into dimers. In the crystal, the dimers are linked into sheets by C-H⋯O inter-actions, forming R(4) (2)(12) and R(2) (2)(8) edge-fused rings running parallel to [101]. There are no inter-mo...

The paper presents the synthesis and performance of an immobilized phospholipase A1 with practical application for oil degumming. The polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) had a number of properties indicating this polymer as a good enzyme carrier. The combination with alginate made a macro-porous structure, evidenced by SEM analyses. When the process time in boric acid solution was 30 minutes, the results r...

Chloroplasts, Compartmental Analysis, Indole-3-acetic Acid (LAA), Spinach Mesophyll Cells, Tryptophan Uptake Using [14C]tryptophan as a precursor, the intracellular localization o f indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis in spinach mesophyll cells was investigated. Chloroplasts as well as extraplastidic compartments were able to transform tryptophan into indole-3-acetic acid. The cofactor requiremen...

BACKGROUND To evaluate the ototoxicity of acetic acid solutions. METHODS Compound action potentials (CAPs) of the eighth nerve were measured in guinea pigs before and after the application of acetic acid in the middle ear cavity. The pH values of the acetic acid solutions were pH 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0, and the application times were 30 min, 24 h, and 1 week. RESULTS Acetic acid solution (pH 3.0...

Either 5-[3H]indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) or 5-[3H]indole-3-acetyl-myo-inositol was applied to the endosperm of kernels of dark-grown Zea mays seedlings. The distribution of total radioactivity, radiolabeled indole-3-acetic acid, and radiolabeled ester conjugated indole-3-acetic acid, in the shoots was then determined. Differences were found in the distribution and chemical form of the radiolab...

Acetic acid, in vinegar, is one of the most anciently used preservatives. Its toxicity to bacteria and to fungi has been recognized. Wolf and Shunk (^6) ^ found that it was more toxic to the six species of bacteria investigated by them than was hydrochloric, sulphuric, citric, tartaric, malic^ or formic acids. In the experiments of Bitting (4) acetic acid was as toxic to fungi as benzoic, boric...

When using microorganisms as cell factories in the production of bio-based fuels or chemicals from lignocellulosic hydrolysate, inhibitory concentrations of acetic acid, released from the biomass, reduce the production rate. The undissociated form of acetic acid enters the cell by passive diffusion across the lipid bilayer, mediating toxic effects inside the cell. In order to elucidate a possib...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Acetic acid bacteria (AAB) are useful in industrial production of vinegar. The present study aims at isolation and identification of acetic acid bacteria with characterization, optimization, and evaluation of their acetic acid productivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Samples from various fruits were screened for presence of acetic acid bacteria on glucose, yeast extract, ...

The kinetics of reducti on of Cr(VI) by thiourea has been studied spectrophotometrically in an HClO~ medium. The reaction follows overa ll third order kineti cs. first order each in Cr(V I), thi ourea and HCIO~. The react ion is HCIO~ catalyzed. Addi tion of M n(II ) and Ce( I V) ions largely decrease the reaction rate. The reaction rate is increased by add ition of EDTA. The spectrophotometri ...