speaking is one of the most important skills to be developed and enhanced as means of effective communication. speaking skill is regarded one of the most difficult aspects of language learning. many language learners find it difficult to express themselves in spoken language. they are generally facing problems to use the foreign language to express their thoughts effectively. they stop talking ...

BACKGROUND English-speaking children with specific language impairment (SLI) perform more poorly than their typically developing peers in verbal working memory tasks where processing and storage are simultaneously required. Hungarian is a language with a relatively free word order and a rich agglutinative morphology. AIMS To examine the effect of linguistic structure on working memory perform...

Since we cannot exclude that speech recognizers fail sometimes, it is important to examine how users react to recognition errors. In correction situations, speaking style becomes more accentuated to disambiguate the original mistake. We examine the effect of speaking style in such situations on speech recognition performance. Our results indicate that hyperarticulated effects occur in correctio...

Spoken Translation, Inc. (STI) of Berkeley, CA has developed a commercial system for interactive speechto-speech machine translation designed for both high accuracy and broad linguistic and topical coverage. Planned use is in situations requiring both of these features, for example in helping Spanish-speaking patients to communicate with English-speaking doctors, nurses, and other health-care s...

Foreign language enjoyment and speaking anxiety in the classroom are two potential emotion-inducing factors for foreign language learning. This sequential mixed methods study investigated whether and to what extent Iranian EFL students experienced foreign language enjoyment and public speaking anxiety in their English classrooms, and how they characterize the sources of the enjoyment and speaki...