the A8, and it has been shown that the gene double sex (dsx) represses growth in the former, probably by repressing decapentaplegic (dpp) expression. We show here that the absence of Abd-B or homothorax (hth) in this segment also increases growth and activates the expression of dMyc and dpp. The effects on the size of the A9 can be rescued if dpp activity is reduced. Neither Abd-B, dsx, nor hth...

A radiolabeled anti-HER2 Affibody molecule (Z(HER2:342)) targets HER2-expressing xenografts with high selectivity and gives good imaging contrast. However, the small size (approximately 7 kDa) results in rapid glomerular filtration and high renal accumulation of radiometals, thus excluding targeted therapy. Here, we report that reversible binding to albumin efficiently reduces the renal excreti...

Hox transcription factors specify distinct cell types along the anterior-posterior axis of metazoans by regulating target genes that modulate signaling pathways. A well-established example is the induction of Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) signaling by an Abdominal-A (Abd-A) Hox complex during the specification of Drosophila hepatocyte-like cells (oenocytes). Previous studies revealed that Abd-A...

This paper considers the communication and storage costs of emulating atomic (linearizable) read/write shared memory in distributed messagepassing systems. We analyze the costs of previously-proposed algorithms by Attiya, Bar-Noy, and Dolev (the ABD algorithm) and by Fan and Lynch (the LDR algorithm), and develop new coding-based algorithms that significantly reduce these costs. The paper conta...

There are many examples within gene complexes of transcriptional enhancers interacting with only a subset of target promoters. A number of molecular mechanisms including promoter competition, insulators and chromatin looping are thought to play a role in regulating these interactions. At the Drosophila bithorax complex (BX-C), the IAB5 enhancer specifically drives gene expression only from the ...

The past few years have witnessed smartphones going from closed platforms containing only pre-installed applications to open platforms hosting a variety of thirdparty applications. Unfortunately, this change has also led to a rapid increase in Abnormal Battery Drain (ABD) problems caused by software defects, misconfiguration, or environmental changes. Such issues can drain a fullycharged batter...

Organogenesis is controlled by gene networks activated by upstream selector genes. During development the gene network is activated stepwise, with a sequential deployment of successive transcription factors and signalling molecules that modify the interaction of the elements of the network as the organ forms. Very little is known about the steps leading from the early specification of the cells...

The purpose of this study was to determine if gender differences exist in the variability of various lower extremity (LE) segment and joint couplings during an unanticipated cutting maneuver. 3-D kinematics were collected on 24 college soccer players (12 M, 12 F) while each performed the cutting maneuver. The following intralimb couplings were studied: thigh rotation (rot)/leg rot; thigh abduct...

Low bone remodeling and relatively low serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels characterize adynamic bone disease (ABD). The impact of renal transplantation (RT) on the course of ABD is unknown. We studied prospectively 13 patients with biopsy-proven ABD after RT. Bone histomorphometry and bone mineral density (BMD) measurements were performed in the 1st and 12th months after RT. Serum PTH, 25-h...

The adult ovaries and testes contain several specialized somatic cell types that support the differentiation of germ cells into mature gametes. Each of these cell types arise from mesodermal cells that constitute the embryonic gonad. To explore the mechanisms governing the development and differentiation of these cells, we focus on the formation of the gonad during Drosophila development. Using...