there is a disagreement among scholars over the meaning of abraham’s leadership mentioned in the quran, 2, 124. in this connection, allamatabatabaee presents an innovative opinion and interprets leadership as guidance by the command (al-hidaya bi’l amr) since imam is qualified by guidance by the command as if the qualification is to describe the meaning of leadership (imamat). in allama’s opini...

knowledge of environmental and ecological factors as well as growth and development pattern of fruit trees is an important task in orchard management and fruit industry. in addition, determination of growth pattern is an important aspect in the orchard management system. in this research, the total photosynthesis rate and growth pattern was measured in nine asian pear cultivars. experiment was ...

background and objectives: over the last decade, climate change has been one of the most challenging issues in the scientific papers. studying the impacts of climate change on crop productivity at regional scale will depend on the right estimate of future climate. this estimation is being implemented by climate models and most of them by general circulation models (gcms). this study aims at pre...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none ar-sa background: in some studies, the level of adenosine deaminase ( ada) in sputum and effusion liquids was used for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (tb). but it is not always possible to access these materials. the goal of this study is to assess the diagnostic value of serum ada levels in pulmonary tb patients. materials and methods: in this study, 40 s...

to study the effect of harvesting time on soybean seed germination and vigor a factorial experiment with three replications, including of five harvesting time and three soybean cultivars was carried out in the field and glasshouse. the effect of harvesting time on seed germination percentage (in the field, cold test and paper test), seed germination rate, shoot and root weights, 1000-seed weigh...

introduction there are significant differences in the spatial distribution of the iran annual precipitation. this is resulted from spatial behavior of precipitation in the one hand and variation in the sources of precipitation on the other. the lack of adequate distribution of meteorological stations and the unavailability of long-term statistics of precipitation makes the analysis of precipita...

a completely randomized design (crd) with three replications was conducted at greenhouse of urmia university in 2013 to study the effect of different methyl jasmonate concentrations (0, 0.1 and 0.5 mm) on the activity of enzymes polyphenol oxidase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase and total protein content in basil. activity of the enzymes and tot...

investigation of drought event has a great importance in the natural resources management and planning water resources management. in this research, the effect of the climate change on drought characteristics in northwest of iran was investigated using the hadcm3 model under a2 scenario. the statistical downscaling was executed using sdsm 4.2.9 and observed daily precipitation, observed predict...

the aim of this study was to investigate the barrier properties of cellulose nanocrystals-pvananocomposites. nanocomposite films with different filler loading levels (3, 6, 9 and 12% by wt) weredeveloped by solvent casting method. the effect of cellulose nanocrystals on the barrier properties ofthe nanocomposites was studied. to this end, moisture absorption, water vapor permeability (wvp),oxyg...

introduction: acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all ) is the most worldwide common type of childhood cancer. methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (mthfr) and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase (mtr) are crucial enzymes in folate pathways. folate availability is critical factor for dna integrity, required for the transfer of methyl group in the biosynthesis of thymidilate. proced...