The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial effect of Helichrysum arenarium L. essential oil in "invitro" condition on the growth of seven microbial species including Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Saccharomyces cereviciae, Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus using micro-dilution method. The minimum inhibitory concentration ...

BACKGROUND Craniopagus parasiticus is rare with an incidence of approximately four to six cases in 10,000,000 births. In our case, the head of the parasitic twin protruded from the temporal area of the normal twin's cranium. The parasitic twin had two deformed lower limbs, of which one was rudimentary, and long bones of the bilateral lower limbs and some pelvic bone. Dissection of the mass of t...

background: aflatoxins are toxic fungal metabolites enable to contaminate a wide range of natural substrates. this contamination can be host-specific for different plant species. in this study, the ability of a toxigenic aspergillus parasiticus to produce various aflatoxins on major iranian cereals was evaluated with special focus on plant susceptibility to toxin production at cultivar level. m...

Aflatoxins are toxic and carcinogenic polyketide metabolites produced by certain fungal species, including Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. Many internal and external factors, such as nutrition and environment affect aflatoxin biosynthesis; therefore, we analyzed the transcriptome of A. flavus using expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from a normalized cDNA expression library constructed from ...

Tolnaftate [2-napthyl-N-methyl-N-(m-tolyl)thionocarbamate], an antifungal drug, is widely used to control superficial fungal infections in humans and other animals. In this study the effect of tolnaftate on aflatoxin biosynthesis by Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 3240 was investigated. Tolnaftate changed the morphology of A. parasiticus to yeastlike forms and inhibited aflatoxin formation. The fo...

Two distinct reservoirs of mycotoxins exist in fungal-infected cereal grains--the fungal spores and the spore-free mycelium-substrate matrix. Many fungal spores are of respirable size and the mycelium-substrate matrix can be pulverized to form particles of respirable size during routine handling of grain. In order to determine the contribution of each source to the level of mycotoxin contaminat...

Aspergillus parasiticus and Penicillium rubrum spores at the level of 10(4) to 10(5) / g were completely killed by prolonged exposure to 30 to 45 mg of methyl bromide per liter.

Aflatoxins are cancer-causing, immuno-suppressive mycotoxins that frequently contaminate important staples in Zambia including maize and groundnut. Several species within Aspergillus section Flavi have been implicated as causal agents of aflatoxin contamination in Africa. However, Aspergillus populations associated with aflatoxin contamination in Zambia have not been adequately detailed. Most o...

Aspergillus spp. associated with cashew from the regions of Riyadh, Dammam, and Abha were isolated and three different culture media were used to qualitatively measure aflatoxin production by Aspergillus via UV light (365 nm), which was expressed as positive or negative. The obtained data showed that six isolates of A. flavus and four isolates of A. parasiticus were positive for aflatoxin produ...