The 'open window' theory is characterised by short term suppression of the immune system following an acute bout of endurance exercise. This window of opportunity may allow for an increase in susceptibility to upper respiratory illness (URI). Many studies have indicated a decrease in immune function in response to exercise. However many studies do not indicate changes in immune function past 2 ...

liquid paraffin has been suggested as a good laxative comparing to lactulose as a treatment option in pediatric constipation. this study was performed to compare liquid paraffin with lactulose in pediatric constipation. a total of 247 patients (127 males and 120 females) aged 2-12 years (mean 4.1 ± 2.7 years) with chronic functional constipation were included in an 8 week, randomized, controlle...

BACKGROUND The rat model of radiation-induced carcinogenesis is widely used to estimate breast cancer risk, but it is unknown whether mammary terminal end buds (TEBs), the hypothesized target of chemical carcinogens, are also targets of radiation-induced carcinogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Female Sprague-Dawley rats were irradiated with X-rays (2 Gy). The morphology, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU...

Abstract INTRODUCTION Time to recurrence is a source of considerable anxiety in glioblastoma. Assuming survival certain timepoint without tumor progression, how do odds/outcomes change relative initial starting conditions? Is there single with highest risk after which "the longer you go, the go"? METHODS Newly-diagnosed glioblastomas were retrospectively reviewed (n=209). Pre-2012 diagnoses (n=...

Epithelial and endothelial cells play a pivotal role in initiating and controlling the movement of leukocytes into tissues during inflammation through the production of cytokines and chemokines such as interleukin-8 (IL-8). In situ hybridization with an IL-8 riboprobe was used to determine IL-8 mRNA expression by mammary gland epithelial and endothelial cells in cows with experimental Escherich...

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BACKGROUND The secondary attack rate of hepatitis A virus (HAV) among contacts of cases is up to 50%. Historically, contacts were offered immunoglobulin (IG, a human derived blood product) as post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). Amid safety concerns about IG, HAV vaccine is increasingly recommended instead. Public health authorities' recommendations differ, particularly for healthy contacts ≥40 yea...

UNLABELLED We aimed to investigate the effects of creatine (Cr) supplementation on the plasma lipid profile in sedentary male subjects undergoing aerobic training. METHODS Subjects (n = 22) were randomly divided into two groups and were allocated to receive treatment with either creatine monohydrate (CR) (~20 g.day-1 for one week followed by ~10 g.day-1 for a further eleven weeks) or placebo ...

PURPOSE Early pubertal timing in girls is associated with psychological and behavioral problems. This study aimed to evaluate the psychological features of girls who perceived breast development beginning by analyzing their depression levels and self-concept. METHODS From March 2007 to December 2012, 93 girls were enrolled and assigned to a pre-8 (younger than 8 years, n=43) or post-8 (8 year...

BACKGROUND  Schistosomiasis elicits cross-regulatory immune responses, but it is unclear how antihelminthic treatment affects this balance. This study integrates data on 13 cytokines elicited by 3 schistosome to examine how praziquantel treatment alters immune polarization and whether post-treatment cytokine profiles influence reinfection status. METHODS  Venous blood from 72 Schistosoma haem...