The aim of the present study was to further characterize the role of alveolar macrophages (AM) in acute human lung inflammation by evaluating their capacity to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8. Patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP; n=12) and healthy volunteers (n=10) underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL...

The fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus is responsible for increasing numbers of fatal infections in immune-compromised humans. Alveolar macrophages (AM) are important in the innate defense against aspergillosis, but little is known about their molecular responses to fungal conidia in vivo. We examined transcriptional changes and superoxide release by AM from C57BL/6 and gp91(phox)(-/-) mice ...

BACKGROUND The appropriate colon cleansing is a major determinant of quality of colonoscopy. This prospective randomized study was designed to compare the efficacy and tolerability of the morning (AM) PEG (polyethylene glycol) solution to previous-evening (PM) PEG solution for the afternoon colonoscopy. METHODS This comparative study compared the AM to PM prep for afternoon outpatient colonos...

Abstract Essential oils can modulate ruminal biohydrogenation. Dorper x Santa Inês lambs (n=40; initial BW of 30.3 ± 5.76 kg and 92 9 d old) were assigned to a randomized complete block evaluate the effect different levels arnica montana essential oil (AM) as feed additive on fatty acid (FA) profile meat. The treatments were: 25 mg monensin/kg DM (M25); four monensin-free diets containing 0 (AM...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Myelosuppression is the most common toxicity encountered in the oncology clinic today. This study was planned to investigate the possible protective and therapeutic role of the traditional Chinese Medicinal Herb; Astragalus Membranaceus (AM), on chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression. METHODS AND RESULTS This study was carried out on thirty six adult male albino rats....

BACKGROUND Both the illicit drug heroin and the prescription drug codeine are metabolized to morphine, which tends to complicate interpretation of opiate-positive samples. We report here the concentrations of morphine and codeine, the morphine/codeine ratios, and 6-acetylmorphine (6-AM) in blood specimens from individuals arrested for driving under the influence of drugs (DUID) in Sweden. The r...

OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to investigate whether there is diurnal fluctuation in the endothelial function of patients with variant angina (VA). BACKGROUND Coronary spasm is induced by acetylcholine and is promptly relieved by nitroglycerin. Thus, it is possible that endothelial dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of coronary spasm. Furthermore, the frequency of ische...

The capacity of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), zymosan, and calcium ionophore A23187 to induce neutrophil chemotactic activity (NCA), leukotriene B4 (LTB4), and neutrophil attractant/activation protein (NAP-1) release from human alveolar macrophages (AM) retrieved from normal nonsmokers was evaluated. LPS induced a dose-dependent release of LTB4 that began by 1 h, 4.0 +/- 3.2 ng/10(6) viable AM; pea...

LIFSCHITZ, M. D., AND R. I. HENKIN. Circadian variation in copper and zinc in man. J. Appl. Physiol. 31(l): 88-92. 1971.~Copper and zinc metabolism were studied in 10 normal volunteers on a constant regimen consisting of an alternate 4 hourly intake of a liquid diet or distilled water, and a regulated amount of activity. Urine was collected in 4-hr periods and blood samples drawn in the middle ...