This study aims to determine the referees' and assistant agility, speed, aerobic capacities. 24 middle 30 referees participated in study. The agility assessment was done by Illinois, with sprint tests at 10 meters, 20 meters. Determination of capacity determined 20-meter shuttle run method. Independent t-test used compare According results obtained, while have significantly higher values than m...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the physiological and anthropometric characteristics of junior volleyball players competing at the elite, semi-elite, and novice levels and to establish performance standards for these athletes. One hundred and fifty-three junior national (N = 14 males; N = 20 females), state (N = 16 males; N = 42 females), and novice (N = 27 males; N = 34 females) v...

Long-term athlete development is a primary focus for the England Rugby Football Union (RFU). The purpose of this study was to explore anthropometric, physical, and relative age characteristics rugby union academy players based on group playing position. Seventy-eight participants were examined height, body mass, 10 20 m sprint, countermovement jump, reactive strength index, aerobic capacity, is...

Background. Rugby ::::::union:::::: is a team sport with a high amount of physical contact during match play. The physical performance and anthropometric characteristics required, differ based on the playing position. Objectives. The objective of this systematic review was to relate anthropometric properties with physical performance parameters in Rugby ::::::union:::::: backs and forwards acr...

The purpose of this study was to establish the anthropometric and physical profiles of elite young soccer players according to their playing position, and to determine their relevance for the selection process. One hundred and fifty-six young male soccer players participated in the study. Players were classified into the following groups: Goalkeepers (n=16), Central Defenders (n=26), External D...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in anaerobic endurance in elite First-league soccer players throughout 2 consecutive seasons, in 2 phases, with and without high-intensity situational drills. Eighteen soccer players were tested before and after the 8-week summer conditioning and again in the next season. The measured variables included 300-yard shuttle run test, maximal heart r...

the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a session of endurance and sprint exercises on plasma anp in male athlete students. for this reason, 24 male athlete students were volunteered and randomized into endurance (n=8, age 24.5± 2.1 years, height 176.3± 3.5 cm, weight 71.75±4.6 kg), sprint (n=8, age 22.1±2.2 years, height 176.1±4.8 cm, weight 67.6±7.4 kg) and control groups (n=...

OBJECTIVES This study examined the association between self-reported mental toughness and behavioural perseverance among a sample of male Australian footballers in a naturalistic context. DESIGN Cross-sectional field study, with the multistage 20m shuttle run test (MST) employed as a proxy for behavioural perseverance. METHODS 330 male Australian footballers aged between 15 and 18 years (M=...