four ahomasal cathetered multiparous lactating sannen goats with mean milk production of 1.6 ± 0.64 kg and 139 ± 4 days in milk were allocated to 4 treatments in a latin square design. the goats were fed a basal diet containing 40% alfalfa hay and 60% concentrate. the basal diet was supplemented by infusion of 1) water, 2) cottonseed oil (48 g/d), 3) glucose (100 g/d) and 4) mixture of cottonse...

1. Replicate groups of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were given one of five experimental diets (diets 1-5) for 16 weeks. The diets contained different amounts of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium and were prepared so that there were three levels of Ca (g/kg): 14 (diet l) , 26 (diets 2 and 3) and 40 (diets 4 and 5) , Ca:P being approximately 1 : I in all diets. Diets 1, 2 and 4 had basal Mg le...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels in early follicular phase throughout the reproductive years. METHOD FSH and LH concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Linear and polynomial regressions were carried out considering basal FSH as the dependent and age as the independent variable. RESULTS FSH levels increased thr...

In this experiment, the influence of prebiotic and probiotic supplementation in the broiler breeder diets on body weight, mortality, feed intake, egg production, hatchability and humoral immunity response was investigated. A total number of 13140 female and 1260 male breeders (Cobb 500) with 26 wks of age were allocated to three treatments with six replicates (800 birds each replicate). Breeder...

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of exogenous enzymes supplementation (ES) on performance, carcass traits and some blood parameters of broilers chickens. One hundred and eighty day old chicks with 40 ± 2 g initial body weight in a completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 4 replications were fed experimental diets included, 1) basal diet no enzymes (control), 2) bas...

BACKGROUND Premenstrual syndrome is a psychoneuro endocrine stress related disorder. PURPOSE To study the effect of premenstrual stress on autonomic function. METHODS Study of autonomic function basal heart rate, basal blood pressure, systolic & diastolic response to cold stimulus was carried out in 80 Eumenorrheic females age between 18-25 yrs. during premenstrual & post menstrual phase. S...

BACKGROUND D2-40 has been shown a selective marker for lymphatic endothelium, but also shown in the benign cervical basal cells. However, the application of D2-40 immunoreactivity in the cervical basal cells for identifying the grade of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) has not been evaluated. METHODS In this study, the immunoreactive patterns of D2-40, compared with p16(INK4A), which ...

PURPOSE To determine whether increased incidence of neurosonographic abnormalities (predominantly of the basal ganglia and thalamus) in cocaine-exposed neonates who are small for their gestational age is attributable to the cocaine or to neonatal size. METHODS Neonates whose sizes were appropriate for their gestational age with no evidence of hypoxia or respiratory distress were identified pr...

Pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPN) contributes to the control muscle tone by modulating the activities of pontomedullary reticulospinal systems during wakefulness and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. The PPN receives GABAergic projection from the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr), an output nucleus of the basal ganglia. Here we examined how GABAergic SNr-PPN projection controls the ac...