We study the Liar paradox and related systems of self-referential sentences. Specifically, we consider the problem of assigning consistent fuzzy truth values to systems of self-referential sentences. We show that this problem can be reduced to the solution of a system of nonlinear equations and we prove that, under certain conditions, a solution (i.e. a consistent truth value assignment) always...

there have been a lot of arguments about body in pre-modern literature in different disciplines such as christian religious and theological debates. such debates argue that body is considered as a negative element with the potentiality of committing sin and preventing the elevation of spirit. these arguments are followed by western philosophy of mind/ body paradox, which is itself followed by o...

In the early twentieth century, Russell pioneered the formal study of paradox in logic. Understanding the cause of the paradoxes, the proposed remedy was to avoid any circular logic or to treat any circular logic as invalid. Following this scholarly trend, the study of biblical paradox has been one of the most controversial and confusing areas in contemporary biblical scholarship for the latter...

the misconception (shubha) of absolute nonexistent – which we have named as paradox – is not an amusing brainteaser; rather, it is one the significant epistemological issues. its importance can be looked upon from two different viewpoints: research and educational. it is significant from the research viewpoint because it challenges propositions which constitute the foundation of our thinking an...

defamiliarization, the artistic technique of presenting to audiences common things in an unfamiliar or strange way in order to enhance perception of the familiar, is the main function of artistic literature. paradox is one of its techniques. paradox is used either syntactically or semantically. ibn al-farid was a mystic sufi poet gifted by mystical perceptions in addition to his poetic talents....

the markedly high prevalence of obesity contributes to the increased incidence of chronic diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, sleep apnea, and heart disease. because of high prevalence of obesity in almost all countries, it has been the focus of many researches throughout the world during the recent decades. along with increasing researches, new concepts and controversies have been emerge...

S A1.1 Mathematical Logic On Implicational Connectives of Quantum Logics for Non-commutative Substructural Logics formulated Gentzen-style Natural Deduction Takeshi Ueno, Food Science and Human Wellnes, Rakuno-Gakuen University, Ebetsu, JAPAN See below for abstract. A theory for systems of propositions referring to each other Denis Saveliev, Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russ...