Background. There are a variety of techniques for targeting placement of an infraclavicular blockade; these include eliciting paresthesias, nerve stimulation, and 2-dimensional (2D) ultrasound (US) guidance. Current 2D US allows direct visualization of a "flat" image of the advancing needle and neurovascular structures but without the ability to extensively analyze multidimensional data and all...

Objective The purpose of this pilot study is to compare the 2D scanning measurement of the foetal femoral diaphysis using anterior or lateral/external incidence at ultrasound. Methods In August 2016, 30 consecutive patients underwent a second trimester morphology ultrasound between 21 and 24 weeks of gestation by a senior sonographist. In each case, the femur length was measured either with a...

Recent advances in reproductive medicine have created a demand for more accurate and safe imaging modalities before assisted reproductive treatment(ART) (1). Gradually, the important role of three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonography in the diagnosis of uterine congenital anomalies has been proved (2-4).

When introduced in diagnostics, two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound revolutionized many fields of clinical medicine.1,2 Among them, the cardiology gained a huge advantage of 2D ultrasonography for postnatal diagnostics and treatment of congenital cardiac defects. Jan Donald, the father of the modern obstetrical ultrasonography, could not predict how helpful and significant ultrasonography will beco...

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of direct visualization a normal fetal palate and detect cleft in first trimester with novel three-dimensional ultrasound (3D US) technique, Crystal Realistic Vue (CRV) rendering technology. Methods Two-dimensional (2D) images 3D volumes healthy fetuses at 11–13 +6 weeks were obtained prospectively. 2D views included coronal view retronasa...