The vortex-matter 3D to 2D phase transition is studied in micron-sized Bi2Sr2CaCu2O81d single crystals using local Hall magnetization measurements. At a given temperature, the second magnetization peak, the signature of a possible 3D–2D vortex phase transition, disappears for samples smaller than a critical length. We suggest that this critical length should be equated with the 2D vortex lattic...

Anogenital distance (AGD) and the ratio of the second (index) to fourth (ring) digit lengths (2D:4D) are two widely used indicators of prenatal androgen exposure. The former is commonly used in rodent models, while the latter is principally used in human studies. We investigated variation in these two traits in C57BL/6J mice to test the hypothesis that variation in these two traits reflect a co...

This article proposes a joint source-channel coding technique for two-dimensional (2D) binary Markov sources by using concatenated turbo block codes composed of two Bose, Chaudhuri, Hocquenghem (BCH) codes, of which output is followed by a rate-1 recursive systematic convolutional code. The source correlation of all rows and columns of the 2D source is well exploited by using a modified Bahl–Co...

The molecular dynamics and phase transitions of a columnar liquid crystal based on hexaether-substituted rufigallol mesogens were studied by a combination of X-ray scattering as well as ID and 2D solid-state NMR spectroscopy. A correlation of the anisotropic molecular moIion, with the molecular symmetry and the phase symmetry was established. 2D-exchange

First steps are taken in a project to construct a general class of conformal and perhaps, eventually, non-conformal quantum field theories of (n−1)-dimensional extended objects in a d=2n dimensional conformal space-time manifold M . The fields live on the spaces E∂ξ of relative integral (n−1)-cycles in M . These are the integral (n−1)-currents of given boundary ∂ξ. Each E∂ξ is a complete metric...

— In this paper, an algorithm for construction of multiple sets of two dimensional (2D) or matrix unipolar (optical) orthogonal codes has been proposed. Representations of these 2D codes in difference of positions representation (DoPR) have also been discussed along-with conventional weighted positions representation (WPR) of the code. This paper also proposes less complex methods for calculati...

OBJECTIVE The prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction depends on multiple features that can demonstrate myocardial injury degree (such as serum markers of cardiac necrosis), and also on adaptive mechanisms relative to the acute event. The aim of the study was to assess the relation between biochemical and echocardiographic findings from three-dimensional echocardiographic (3D Ech...

This paper demonstrates the use of two-dimensional (2D) correlation spectroscopy in conjunction with alternating least squares (ALS) based self-modeling curve resolution (SMCR) analysis of spectral data sets. This iterative regression technique utilizes the non-negativity constraints for spectral intensity and concentration. ALS-based SMCR analysis assisted with 2D correlation was applied to Fo...

INTRODUCTION We aimed to evaluate the correlation between the size of the solid component on thin-section computed tomography (CT) and invasive component on pathology in small lung adenocarcinomas manifesting as subsolid nodules. METHODS Fifty-nine subsolid nodules in 58 patients were evaluated. The maximum diameters of subsolid nodules and the solid component on CT were measured by two radio...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to establish the concurrent validity and reliability of four different two-dimensional (2D) video-based techniques for quantifying frontal plane knee kinematics during a 40 cm double-legged drop jump. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS A convenience sample of 16 healthy participants (nine males and seven females; age: [mean ± standard deviation] 25.5±2 years; body mass...