two hundred and fifty day-old broiler chickens were housed in a high altitude farm and divided in two experimental groups (cold-exposed and control). at the age of 3 and 4 d, the cold-exposed chickens were exposed to 15?c for 3 h, while the control birds were reared under normal condition. during the period between 14 and 28 days, both groups of chickens were exposed to a low environmental temp...

BACKGROUND No previous studies have examined the effect of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) on early infant growth. The objective was to study infant growth patterns of babies born to mothers with PIH at 28 and 42 days postpartum. METHODS DESIGN We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study of 16,936 pregnancies delivered between January 1, 1989 through December 31, 1990 i...

Broiler chicks were reared on either wet litter or dry litter to compare the development of footpad dermatitis (FPD). Broilers reared on wet litter first developed FPD at 14 days of age. Their FPD scores increased sharply after 21 days of age, reaching 2.92 at 42 days. In broilers reared on dry litter, FPD was first observed at 28 days of age, and the FPD score was only 0.70 at 42 days. When 21...

Under high altitude conditions, the effects of vitamin E (α-tocopherol) on growth performance, intestinal morphology (villus size and type), and absorptive surface area of broiler chickens were evaluated. Chickens were fed diets supplemented with 0, 100, 200 or 400 IU/kg vitamin E for 42 days. On days 14, 28 and 42, birds were sacrificed and three segments of small intestine were dissected. The...

the present experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of vitaminpremix(vp), fed during the last three weeks of a broiler rearing period (22-42 days), on its growthperformance and carcass characteristics. four hundred 22 day old broilers received diets containingfour levels of supplementary vp (0, 33.33, 66.66 and 100%) each at a different weeks of finisherperiod. the ...

Un-methylated cytosine-phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN) has been considered as a powerful vaccine adjuvant and recognition of CpG-ODN by chicken leukocytes promotes their ability to fight against infections. In our study, efficacy of different routes of CpG-ODN application as an adjuvant on immune responses (antibody titer together with leukogram) following vaccination agains...

an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of withdrawing vitamin and/or trace mineral premixes from grower and finisher diets of broilers. a 2×4 factorial arrangement of treatments, consisting of four diets and two-removal times (from 28 to 49, and from 35 to 49 days of age) was utilized. the four diets consisted of control, supplemented with vitamin (vit) and trace minerals (tm)(t1); ...