We present a novel way to draw planar graphs with good angular resolution. We introduce the polar coordinate representation and describe a family of algorithms for constructing it. The main advantage of the polar representation is that it allows independent control over grid size and bend positions. We first describe a standard (Cartesian) representation algorithm, CRA, which we then modify to ...

Much work on orthogonal graph drawing has focused on 4-planar graphs, that is planar graphs where all vertices have maximum degree 4. In this work, we study aspects of the Kandinsky model, which is a model for orthogonal graph drawings of higher-degree graphs. First, we examine the decision problem β-Embeddability, which asks whether for a given planar graph with a fixed or variable embedding, ...

In this work, many ways of communications are used between human and computer, while using gesture is considered to be one of the most natural way in a virtual reality system. Because of its intuitiveness and its capability of helping the hearing impaired or speaking impaired, we develop a gesture recognition system. The Hand Talk glove is a normal, cloth driving glove fitted with flex sensors....

Slot waveguides allow for high optical confinement in a planar optical waveguide. Here we show a method for maintaining this high degree of confinement in slot waveguides with sharp bends. This high confinement can be achieved by using an asymmetric slot-based structure, where the mode in the bend remains localized in the slot region. We show that the relative power inside the slot can be as hi...

Background and Purpose: Numerous holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser fibers are available for flexible ureteroscopy. Performance and durability of fibers can vary widely among different manufacturers and their product lines with differences within a single product line have been reported. We sought to evaluate a newly developed nontapered, single-use 240-lm fiber, Flexiva 200 (Boston Scientif...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Numerous holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser fibers are available for flexible ureteroscopy. Performance and durability of fibers can vary widely among different manufacturers and their product lines with differences within a single product line have been reported. We sought to evaluate a newly developed nontapered, single-use 240-μm fiber, Flexiva™ 200 (Boston Scientif...