Trans-epithelial tracer urea flux across Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells permanently expressing the urea transporter UT-A1 is stimulated by agents that activate the cAMP signaling pathway, such as vasopressin or forskolin, thus mimicking the activation of urea permeability in the inner medullary collecting duct in the presence of vasopressin. Here, we report that UT-A1-mediated urea flux...

In previous papers (1, 2) it was shown that when the urine volume output falls below about 0.35 ml. per minute, the urine becomes " maximally" concentrated with respect to urea. The urea concentration of the urine is constant below this critical volume, and thus the urea clearance (U V/B) varies directly and quantitatively with the urine volume (V). In an effort to analyze the mechanism of rena...

The relationship of body condition score (BCS) and blood urea and ammonia to pregnancy outcome was examined in Italian Mediterranean Buffalo cows mated by AI. The study was conducted on 150 buffaloes at 145 +/- 83 days in milk that were fed a diet comprising 14.8% crude protein, 0.9 milk forage units.kg-1 dry matter and a non-structural carbohydrate/crude protein ratio of 2.14. The stage of the...

the role of manure and urea on yield and some fruit characteristics of strawberry cv. kurdistan were studied during 2002-2004 growing season. the experiment was a factorial one based on a randomized complete block design including four levels of urea(0, 50, 100, 150 kg/ha) and three levels of manure (0, 20, 40 t/ha) in three replications. the results showed that application of manure along with...

Assessing current fatigue of athletes to fine-tune training prescriptions is a critical task in competitive sports. Blood-borne surrogate markers are widely used despite the scarcity of validation trials with representative subjects and interventions. Moreover, differences between training modes and disciplines (e.g. due to differences in eccentric force production or calorie turnover) have rar...

Technical Appendix Table 1. Laboratory results at admission for 3 patients with HIV-associated disseminated emmonsiosis, Johannesburg, South Africa* Laboratory investigation Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Reference range CD4 count 5 cells/μL 3 cells/μL 0 cells/μL 50–2010 cells/μL Leukocyte count 16.91 × 10/L 1.52 ×1 0/L 1.84 × 10/L 4.00–10.00 × 10/L Hemoglobin 8.7 g/dL 11.7 g/dL 7.8 g/dL 14.3–18.3 g/dL M...

Effects of supplemental RDP and RUP on nutrient digestion, N metabolism, urea kinetics, and muscle protein degradation were evaluated in Nellore heifers () consuming low-quality signal grass hay (5% CP and 80% NDF, DM basis). Five ruminally and abomasally cannulated Nellore heifers (248 ± 9 kg) were used in a 5 × 5 Latin square. Treatments were the control (no supplement) and RDP supplementatio...

Case report A 47-year-old woman was admitted to the Royal Sussex County Hospital on 11 June 1968 in renal failure due to chronic pyelonephritis. Investigations. Hb 52%4, WBC 7200/m3, blood urea 346 mg/100 ml, creatinine clearance 4-2 ml/min, serum sodium 140 mEq/l, calcium 8-0 mg/100 ml, phosphate 12-2 mg/100 ml, alkaline phosphatase 16-0 KA Units; urinary sodium 26 mEq/l, potassium 22-3 mEq/l,...

We report on the formation of organic amide polymers via carbonyl–amino group linkages in carbon monoxide and ammonia bearing energetically processed ices of astrophysical relevance. The first group comprises molecules with one carboxyl group and an increasing number of amine moieties starting with formamide (45 u), urea (60 u), and hydrazine carboxamide (75 u). The second group consists of spe...

Background: Considering the difficulties, adverse effects and unsuitable response to commonly used drugs; it is essential to find an alternative, particularly local treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Objective: Determination of efficacy of topical paromomycin (Paromo-U ointment) against CL caused by L.major in mouse model. Materials and Methods: Skin lesions were created 1 to 3 months ...