Background Knowledge translation (KT) refers to the process of moving knowledge into healthcare practice and policy. The practice of KT is about helping decision-makers become aware of knowledge and facilitating their use of it in their day-to-day work. The science of KT is about studying the determinants of knowledge use and investigating strategies to support the adoption, implementation, and...

Knowledge transfer (KT) is an evolutionary process that requires embedding into and assistance from organizational culture. Since the determinants and influence path of KT regarding cultural change are not clear, this study designs a path model from organizational culture to KT through organizational characteristics. The findings demonstrate that the sociability factors of organizational cultur...

The objective of the current study was to formulate ketorolac tromethamine-loaded elastic liposomes and evaluate their in vitro drug release and their ex vivo and in vivo transdermal delivery. Ketorolac tromethamine (KT), which is a potent analgesic, was formulated in elastic liposomes using Tween 80 as an edge activator. The elastic vesicles were prepared by film hydration after optimizing the...

In the Azorean rock-pool blenny male sexual polymorphism occurs. Larger and older males (M+ males) fully express male secondary sex characters (SSC), particularly an anal gland that produces a sex pheromone, whereas smaller and younger sexually active males do not express SSC (M- males). Two mating tactic types can be identified among M+ males: nest-holders that establish nests and court female...

Residual renal function not only provides small-solute clearance, but also plays an important role in maintaining fluid balance, phosphorus control, and removal of middle-molecular uremic toxins and shows strong inverse relationships with valvular calcification and cardiac hypertrophy in dialysis patients. The original CANUSA study, in which total (peritoneal and renal) small-solute clearance s...

Background As the Knowledge Translation (KT) field advances, there is an increasing need to identify priorities to help shape future directions for research. An important source of KT priorities is ‘experts’ who are well-established researchers and practitioners. Another potential source for identifying priorities is trainees. Given that many KT trainees are developing their programs of researc...

Ketorolac tromethamine (KT) containing microemulsion-based gels (MBGs) have been formulated, based on the previous phase diagram studies, using a pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant (soybean lecithin; Epikuron 200) and oil (isopropyl myristate; IPM) and the effect of formulation variables on the release profile of the drug from MBGs through intact guinea pig skin and various artificial membr...

The original formula proposed to estimate variable-volume single-pool (VVSP) Kt/V was Kt/V = -In(R - 0.008 * t - f * UF/W), where in the Kt/V range of 0.7 to 1.3, f = 1.0 (* denotes multiplication). This formula tends to overestimate Kt/V as the Kt/V increases above 1.3. Because higher Kt/V values are now commonly delivered, the validity of both the urea generation term (0.008 * f) and correcti...

The initial kinetochore (KT) encounter with a spindle microtubule (MT; KT capture) is one of the rate-limiting steps in establishing proper KT-MT interaction during mitosis. KT capture is facilitated by multiple factors, such as MT extension in various directions, KT diffusion, and MT pivoting. In addition, KTs generate short MTs, which subsequently interact with a spindle MT. KT-derived MTs ma...