ventricular system can be manifested as changes in intracranial pressure (ICP) and thus affect the clinical findings. However, slow-growing lesions of a primary CNS origin located in clinically silent regions of the brain such as the frontal lobe may be present for years before detection. Autopsy diagnosis reveals that nearly 25% of patients who die of cancer had intracranial metastasis (Fig. 1...

Background: Numerous causes can lead to chronic inflammatory lesions of the lower respiratory airways including those recognized as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), of which tobacco smoke has been established. Air pollution and smokes from indoor and outdoor origins are among the possible causes. However, further investigations are required on this issue. Materials and Methods: Amo...

Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) represent a promising formulation approach for poorly soluble drugs. We explored the formulation-related impact of ASDs on permeation rate, apparent solubility and molecular solubility of the poorly soluble drug ABT-102. The influence of fasted state simulated intestinal fluid (FaSSIF) as dispersion medium was also studied. ASDs were prepared by hot-melt extru...

A 59-year-old woman, diagnosed with advanced rectal cancer, presented with a low-grade fever and dyspnea on exertion after the 2nd cycle of TAS-102. TAS-102 has promising efficacy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. A CT scan revealed mosaic patterns with bilateral ground-glass opacities. The drug lymphocyte stimulation test for TAS-102 was strongly positive and serum β-D glucan leve...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Approximately 20% of patients have metastatic disease at diagnosis, and a vast number of these patients die within 5 years. The advent of modern chemotherapeutics has improved median overall survival for these patients; nonetheless, we must keep striving for better outcomes. Trifluridine/tipiracil ...

The grafting of human tumor cells into the brain of immunosuppressed mice is an established method for the study of brain cancers including glioblastoma (glioma) and medulloblastoma. The widely used stereotactic approach only allows for the injection of a single animal at a time, is labor intensive and requires highly specialized equipment. The guide screw method, initially developed by Lal e...

Johannes F.E. Mann, MD; Roland E. Schmieder, MD; Leanne Dyal, MSc; Matthew J. McQueen, MD; Helmut Schumacher, MD; Janice Pogue, PhD; Xingyu Wang, PhD; Jeffrey L. Probstfield, MD; Alvaro Avezum, MD, PhD; Ernesto Cardona-Munoz, PhD; Gilles R. Dagenais, MD; Rafael Diaz, MD; George Fodor, MD, PhD; Jean M. Maillon, MD; Lars Rydén, MD; Cheuk M. Yu, MD; Koon K. Teo, MD; and Salim Yusuf, DPh, MD, for t...

MBX-102/JNJ39659100 (MBX-102) is in clinical development as an oral glucose-lowering agent for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. MBX-102 is a nonthiazolidinedione (TZD) selective partial agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma that is differentiated from the TZDs structurally, mechanistically, preclinically and clinically. In diabetic rodent models, MBX-102 has insuli...